成釉细胞瘤研究进展

成釉细胞瘤（ameloblastoma，AM）是最常见的良性牙源性肿瘤，具有局部侵袭性，术后容易复发，目前对调节AM细胞增殖和侵袭的机制仍不明确。近年来．AM的基础研究取得了较大进展．体外培养的细胞呈多边形、铺路石样排列，保持二倍体细胞的特征，细胞增殖不活跃，细胞凋亡受到抑制。永生化AM细胞株的建立，为长期观察和进一步深入研究AM的生物学行为提供了良好的条件。研究发现，基质金属蛋白酶-2在AM中高表达，并与AM的侵袭性密切相关。另外，在癌基因、抑癌基因及生长因子等方面也有初步的研究。AM的临床研究进展缓慢，手术仍是治疗AM的主要方法，在选择手术方式时，应考虑患者的年龄、AM的病理类型。随着修复重建外科技术的发展．根治性手术逐渐成为主要的术式选择。

Current research progress in ameloblastoma

Ameloblastomas are the most frequently odontogenic epithelial tumors,and are usually considered to be benign. They are locally invasive and easily recurrent. The molecular mechanisms that regulate the growth and invasion of ameloblastoma cells are unknown up to now. In recent year,there is significant progress in the basic scientific research on ameloblastomas. In primary culture, ameloblastoma cell colonies grew slowly and were composed predominantly of closely packed small and polygonal cell with epithelial morphology. It maintains the characteristics of diploid cell and the cell apoptosis is inhibited. The immortalized ameloblastoma cell line provided a nice model for further research of the biological behaviour of ameloblastoma. It has been found that matrix metalloproteinase 2 was highly expressed in ameloblastoma and it was closely related to the invasion of ameloblastoma. There is some preliminary progress in the research of oncogenes or anti-oncogene and growth factor. However,there is not great progress in clinical research of ameloblastoma. Surgical resection is still the main option for treatment of ameloblastoma. The age of patient and the pathological type of ameloblastoma should be considered when selecting the surgical modalities. However, radical surgery gradually becomes the main choice because of the advances of restorative and reconstructive surgery.