医科大学新生亚健康状况流行病学分析

目的 调查医学院校入学新生的亚健康现状,分析与亚健康状态有关的影响因素,为制定新生亚健康预防措施提供依据.方法 采用自制亚健康流行病学调查问卷,调查南方医科大学入学新生2 554名,亚健康状态诊断参考《亚健康中医临床指南》,诊断包括躯体亚健康、心理亚健康、社会不适应亚健康,统计分析采用χ²检验,对与亚健康群体有关的因素进行Logistic回归分析.结果 医科院校新生亚健康总体现患率为40.20%,其中最高为躯体亚健康,其次是躯体及心理亚健康;女性现患率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ²=27.402,P=0.002);外省户籍不同性别新生亚健康现患率差异有统计学意义(χ²=18.482,P=0.030),女性现患率较高;眼睛疲劳、躯体疲劳、总想睡觉、眼睛干涩、大便干燥、躯体疼痛、睡眠质量差、感冒、颈肩酸痛、食量减退对新生躯体健康构成危险;情绪消极、情绪波动、不安全感、催逼着干事情、做事情须反复检查、压抑、抑郁、焦虑与新生心理健康密切关联;学习效率低、活动能力差、人际交往频率减少是新生社会不适应亚健康的危险因素.结论 医科大学新生广泛存在亚健康状态,需要学校加强关注,积极预防新生亚健康的发生.

Sub-health status among medical freshmen

Objective To investigate sub-health status and its related factors among medical freshmen for founulating preventive measures of sub-health.Methods Sub-health status was assessed by a Self-rated Health Measurement Scale among 2554 freshm en in Guangdong Medical University.The diagnosis of sub-health included physical sub-health,psychological sub-health and inadaptability to the society.We calculated prevalence rate of sub-health and deteun fined factors related to sub-health using chi-square test and multiple logistic regression model.Results The prevalence mte of sub-health was 40.20%.The rate of physical sub-health was the highest,followed by physical inadaptability and psychological inadaptability Am ong the students from other provinces,fem ales had a higher prevalence mte of sub-health(χ²=18.482,P=0.030).Among the students from Guangdong,the difference between gender was not statistically significant(χ²=16.932,P=0.076).Physical fatigue,mental tiredness,cold,eyes fatigue,dry eyes,insomnia,anorexia,and dyspepsia were hazards to new students' health Negative emotion,depression,anxiety,and pain had negative inpact on psychological health; low efficiency in study was also an inportant risk factor affecting freshmen's psychological health.Conclusion Sub-health among freshmen of medical university exists widely Universities need to pay attention to prevent the occurrence of freshmen's subhealth.