不同方法预防儿童第一恒磨牙龋坏的效果评价

采用窝沟封闭、氟凝胶、含氟泡沫、口腔卫生宣教(OHI)对泉州市二年级儿童(7~8岁)第一恒磨牙龋坏的预防效果进行评价,尝试寻找最适合群体儿童的第一恒磨牙龋坏预防方法。方法 2017年采用整群随机抽样的方法在泉州市区选取5所学校的二年级儿童1 768名,检查第一恒磨牙萌出情况及患龋情况,分为5组,分别为空白对照组(n=313)、口腔卫生宣教组(n=421)、氟保护漆组(n=267)、含氟泡沫组(n=438)、窝沟封闭组(n=329),观察两年后五组学生防龋效果。结果 五所小学共有1 748名儿童完成两年的观察研究,随访率为98.87%。干预两年后,氟保护漆组新增龋均及龋面均高于其他四组,窝沟封闭组新增龋均及龋面均低于其他四组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 4种预防方法对7~8岁儿童第一恒磨牙防龋效果不同,窝沟封闭对龋齿预防效果最好。

Comparison of the effect of different methods on preventing caries in children's first permanent molar

Objective To longitudinally observe the preventive effect of pit and fissure sealants,fluorogel,fluorinated foam,and oral health instruct(OHI) on preventing caries in the first permanent molar of the second grade children(7 to 8 years old) in Quanzhou,so as to find the best method for preventing the first permanent molar caries prevention in schools. Methods Totally 1 768 second-grade children in 5 schools were selected by cluster random sampling method in Quanzhou city area in 2017 to check the eruption of the first permanent molar and caries. Students in five schools were divided into five groups,including control group(n=313),OHI group(n=421),fluoride protective paint group(n=267),fluoride-containing foam group(n=438) and pit and fissure sealing group(n=329) . The anti-caries effects of five primary schools were compared in two years. Results Finally 1 748 children from five primary schools completed the two-year observational study,and the follow-up rate was 98.87%. After two-year intervention,new decayed, missing of filled teeth(DMFT) and new decayed, missing of filled surface(DMFS) in fluoride protective paint group were higher than those in other four groups,which were lowest in pit and fissure sealing group,and the difference was significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The four preventive methods have different effects on the prevention of caries on the first permanent molars of children aged 7 to 8 years,of which pit and fissure sealing has the best effect.