The Role of PAI-1 and Adiponectin on the Inflammatory State and Energy Balance in Obese Adolescents with Metabolic Syndrome

Obesity is a chronic inflammatory disease and is considered a risk factor for metabolic syndrome. In this study, 57 obese adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome underwent 1?year of weight loss therapy. At baseline, the metabolic syndrome (MS) patients presented higher values of PAI-1 than the non-metabolic syndrome patients (n-MS). After therapy, significant improvements in anthropometrics and biochemical, inflammatory, and neuroendocrine variables were observed in both groups. However, the n-MS group presented better results than the MS group. Indeed, we found positive correlations in both groups between PAI-1 and neuropeptide Y (NPY) and between PAI-1 and NPY/AgRP. Inflammatory biomarkers may thus play a role in energy balance. The clinical trial registration number is NCT01358773.