垂体后叶素雾化吸入治疗老年人咯血的临床观察

目的观察雾化吸入不同剂量的垂体后叶素治疗老年病人中、小量咯血的疗效和不良反应。方法无垂体后叶素绝对禁忌证的老年中、小量咯血病人51例,随机分为垂体后叶素雾化吸入大剂量组(16例)、小剂量组(20例)和生理盐水吸入对照组(15例),观察各组病人急性咯血时雾化吸入治疗的即时止血作用、吸入治疗3 d后的临床止血效果和药物不良反应。结果急性咯血时垂体后叶素雾化吸入即时止血有效率为72.2%,高于对照组33.3%(P0.05);吸入治疗3 d后大剂量组、小剂量组的止血总有效率分别为81.3%、75.0%,2组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但均高于对照组的40.0%(P均0.05)。大剂量组不良反应发生率为31.3%,小剂量组为15.0%,对照组为13.3%,各组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),各组均无低钠血症发生。结论垂体后叶素雾化吸入有一定的即时止血效果,可有效治疗老年人中、小量咯血,且平滑肌收缩相关的不良反应发生率低。

Clinical observation of pituitrin inhalation in elderly with hemoptysis

Objective To observe the efficiency of pituitrin inhalation on the hemoptysis in elderly. Methods 51 cases of hemoptysis elderly without absoluted contraindications of pituitrin were randomly divided into three groups： high- dose pituitrin group, low-dose group and control group. The hemostasis effect and adverse events among the three groups were compared. Results The total effectiveness rates of high and low dose group were 81.3%, 75.0%, and there was no significant difference between two groups （P〉0. 05） but both higher than the control group 40% （P〈0. 05）. The rate of adverse events was 31.3% in high-dose group, 15.0% in low-dose group and 13.3% in control group, There was no signif- icant difference among three groups （P〉0. 05）. Conclusions Pituitrin inhalation treatment is effective in elderly hemop- tysis with low incidence of adverse reactions.