2018年四川省绵竹市居民健康素养现状及影响因素分析

目的了解绵竹市居民健康素养现状,为制定科学合理的健康促进措施和干预策略提供依据。方法以多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,在绵竹市居民中抽取1623名15~69岁调查对象进行问卷调查,采用Logistics回归法分析影响绵竹市居民健康素养水平的主要因素。结果绵竹市1623名调查对象健康素养水平为14.1%;基本知识和理念素养水平为41.7%,健康生活方式行为素养水平为14.6%,基本技能素养水平为16.0%,呈现出基本知识水平高于基本技能、基本技能高于健康生活方式行为的特点;6类健康问题素养水平由高到低分别为安全与急救33.5%、科学健康观30.3%、慢性病防治16.5%、传染病防治10.2%、健康信息10.0%、基本医疗8.1%。二元Logistic回归分析显示,年龄越大,健康素养水平越低;随着文化水平增高,健康素养水平逐步增高;在职业方面,医务人员健康素养水平最高。结论年龄、文化程度、职业是绵竹市居民健康素养水平的主要影响因素,今后应对老年人、低文化水平、农民等重点人群采取针对性干预措施,创新宣传模式,加强慢性病和传染病防治知识的宣传和技能传播。

Analysis of Health Literacy Status and Its Influencing Factors of Mianzhu Residents in Sichuan Province in 2018

Objective To understand the current status of health literacy of residents in Mianzhu,and provide basis for formulating scientific and reasonable intervention measures and strategies.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select a total of1623 residents aged 15-69 years old in Mianzhu city.All the participants were surveyed by questionnaire.Results The health literacy level of the participants is 14.1%,the basic concept of knowledge and literacy level is 41.7%,the healthy lifestyle behavior literacy level is 14.6%,and the basic skills in literacy level is 16.0%.The characteristics of the basic knowledge level is higher than the basic skills,and the basic skills are higher than the healthy lifestyle behavior.Six classes of health literacy level ranges from high to low are as follows:safety and first aid(33.5%),scientific view of health(30.3%),prevention and treatment of chronic diseases(16.5%),prevention and treatment of infectious diseases(10.2%),health information(10.0%),and basic medical treatment(8.1%).Binary Logistic regression analysis shows that the older age was associated with the lower the health literacy level,and the higher level of education was associated with higher level of health literacy.Medical staff have the highest level of health literacy.Conclusion Age,education level and job are the main influencing factors of health literacy level of residents in Mianzhu.In the future,targeted intervention measures should be taken for the elderly,low-educated people,farmers and other key groups to innovate the publicity mode and strengthen the publicity and skill dissemination of knowledge about the prevention of chronic diseases and infectious diseases.