2019—2020年武汉某高校3369例医学研究生BMI和血红蛋白含量的分析

目的 通过研究分析某高校研究生BMI和血红蛋白含量状况,以期为制订有针对性的卫生保健措施提供参考依据。方法 收集武汉某高校2019年—2020年医学研究生新生入学体检资料,对BMI和血红蛋白含量等指标进行统计分析。结果 研究生新生中,不同性别在年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、身高、体重、体重指数和血红蛋白含量差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男生中体重超重和肥胖的检出率为31.93%(372/1 165),高于女生的6.94%(153/2 204)(χ2=361.794,P<0.001)。而新生中女生体重过低的检出率为21.46%(473/2 204),较男生的6.44%(75/1 165)高,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=126.293,P<0.001)。不同性别之间体重指数分型总体分布不全相同(Z=19.641,P<0.001)。新生中男生和女生血红蛋白含量偏低检出率分别是1.38%(16/1 163)和7.72%(260/2 204),女生中血红蛋白含量偏低检出率明显比男生中检出率高(χ2=109.81,P<0.001)。在BMI分型中,除肥胖组外(χ2=0.032,P=0.858),在体重过低、正常、超重的学生中,女生的血红蛋白含量偏低的发生率均高于男生,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=7.399,P=0.007、χ2=71.385,P<0.001、χ2=8.963,P=0.003)。此外,男、女生中血红蛋白偏低的检出率在不同BMI类型中的分布均无差异(H=1.569,P=0.666、H=5.005,P=0.171)。结论 2019—2020年入学医学研究生新生中,体重过低、血红蛋白含量偏低的女生比男生多,而在超重和肥胖的男生比女生多,因此,对研究生新生有针对性的进行早期干预和健康教育,提高学生的自我保健能力。

Analysis of BMI and hemoglobin content of 3 369 medical postgraduates in a university in Wuhan City from 2019 to 2020

Objective To study and analyze the body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin status of postgraduates in a university, in order to provide references for formulating targeted health care measures. Methods The physical examination data of medical postgraduate freshmen in a university in Wuhan City from 2019 to 2020 were collected, and the BMI and hemoglobin content were statistically analyzed. Results There were significant gender differences in age, educational level, marital status, height, weight, BMI, and hemoglobin among postgraduate freshmen (P<0.05). Among freshmen in 2 years, 31.93% (372/1 165) boys and 6.94% (153/2 204) girls were overweight or obese. The incidence of overweight and obesity in boys was significantly higher than that in girls (χ2=361.794, P<0.001). The detection rate of underweight in females (21.46%, 473/2 204) was higher than that in males (6.44%, 75/1 165), and the difference between them was statistically significant (χ2=126.293, P<0.001). There was a significant difference in BMI classification between different genders (Z=19.641, P<0.001). The detection rates of low hemoglobin in male and female freshmen were 1.38% (16/1 163) and 11.80% (260/2 204) respectively, and the rate was significantly higher in females than males (χ2=109.861, P<0.001). For different BMI types, among the underweight, normal, and overweight students, the incidence rates of low hemoglobin in females were significantly higher than those in males (χ2=7.399, P=0.007; χ2=71.385, P<0.001; χ2=8.963, P=0.003), In addition, there were no significant differences in the distribution of low hemoglobin in BMI types in the male and thefemale (H=1.569, P=0.666, H=5.005, P=0.171). Conclusions Among the medical postgraduate freshmen admitted from 2019 to 2020, female students are more underweight and have low hemoglobin than male students, while male students are more overweight and obese than female students. Therefore, early targeted intervention and health education should be carried out for graduate freshmen to improve their self-care ability.