562名医务人员子女心理行为状况调查

目的 了解儿童心理行为状况,为改善儿童心理行为问题提供依据。方法 针对本院医务人员子女采用整群随机抽样的方法,通过手机端发放长处和困难问卷(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire,SDQ)电子版进行调查,收集儿童心理行为健康相关信息。结果 本研究纳入观察病例共562份,年龄均值(8.06±3.251)岁。其中,男275名(48.9%),女287名(51.1%);学龄期儿童311名(55.3%),学龄前期儿童251名(44.7%)。SDQ困难总分评定异常者12.9%,边缘状态者18.1%,正常者69%。情绪问题、品行问题、同伴关系问题、多动问题、困难总分、亲社会行为各因子异常检出率分别为9.6%、9.8%、19.2%、18.1%、12.9%、7.8%。不同性别儿童SDQ困难总分、情绪症状、亲社会行为、品行问题差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。男生多动问题、同伴关系问题评分分别为(3.87±1.471)分、(4.53±1.542)分,分别高于女生的(3.65±1.415)分、(4.31±1.554)分,差异有统计学意义(t=0.96、7.65,P<0.05)。学龄前期儿童与学龄期儿童情绪症状、品行问题、亲社会行为差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。学龄期儿童同伴关系问题、多动问题、困难总分评分分别为(4.53±1.507)分、(3.85±1.298)分、(12.15±3.613)分,分别高于学龄前期儿童的(4.26±1.652)分、(3.54±1.402)分、(11.45±4.39)分,差异有统计学意义(t=5.36、6.57、14.32,P<0.05)。结论 调查发现,本院医务人员子女心理行为问题发生率较高。应进一步核实诊断,根据不同的心理特征及年龄分类,及早给予心理支持和干预,并由心理医生对这一群体进行长期随访。

Psychological and behavioral status of 562 children of medical staff

Objective To understand the psychological and behavioral status of children so as to provide evidence for improving their psychological and behavioral problems. Methods A cluster random sampling method was adopted for the children of medical staff in our hospital, and the electronic version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was distributed on the mobile phone to collect information about children’s psychological and behavioral health. Results A total of 562 cases were included in this study, with an average age of (8.06±3.251) years. Among them, there were 275 men (48.9%) and 287 women (51.1%). There were 311 school-age children (55.3%) and 251 preschool children (44.7%). The total score of SDQ difficulty was abnormal at 12.9%, marginal state at 18.1%, and normal at 69%. The abnormal detection rates of emotional problems, conduct problems, peer relationship problems, hyperactivity problems, the total score of difficulties, and prosocial behavior were 9.6%, 9.8%, 19.2%, 18.1%, 12.9%, and 7.8% respectively. There were no significant differences in the total score of SDQ difficulties, emotional symptoms, prosocial behavior, and conduct problems between children of different genders (all P>0.05). The scores of hyperactivity problems and peer relationship problems of boys were (3.87±1.471) and (4.53±1.542) respectively, which were higher than those of girls: (3.65±1.415) and (4.31±1.554) respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (t=0.96, 7.65, both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in emotional symptoms, conduct problems, and prosocial behavior between preschool children and school-age children (all P>0.05). The average total scores of peer relationship problems, hyperactivity problems, and difficulties of school-age children were (4.53±1.507), (3.85±1.298), and (12.15±3.613) respectively, which were higher than those of preschool children: (4.26±1.652), (3.54±1.402), and (11.45±4.39), and the differences were statistically significant (t=5.36, 6.57, 14.32, all P<0.05). Conclusions The survey found that the incidence of psychological and behavioral problems of children of medical staff in our hospital was high. The diagnosis should be further verified. According to different psychological characteristics and age classification, psychological support and intervention should be given as soon as possible, and psychologists should follow up with this group for a long time.