跨理论模型联合赋能教育对中青年冠心病病人PCI术后自我管理行为和负性情绪的影响

目的探讨跨理论模型联合赋能教育对中青年冠心病病人经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后自我管理行为和负性情绪的影响。方法选取行PCI术的中青年冠心病病人68例，按照随机数字表法分为观察组33例和对照组35例。对照组给予常规健康教育，观察组在对照组基础上给予跨理论模型联合赋能教育的健康教育。采用冠心病自我管理行为量表和焦虑、抑郁评分量表进行问卷调查，比较2组病人的自我管理行为各维度得分和焦虑、抑郁得分。结果2组病人出院时自我管理各维度评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)；2组出院后3个月自我管理各维度中除情绪认知管理评分差异无统计学意义外(P>0.05)，观察组其他维度评分均高于对照组(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)；观察组出院后6个月自我管理各维度评分均明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)。2组病人出院时焦虑评分和抑郁评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)；观察组出院后3、6个月焦虑评分均低于对照组(P < 0.05~P < 0.01)；2组出院后3、6个月焦虑评分均低于出院时(P < 0.05)，观察组出院后6个月焦虑评分均低于出院后3个月(P < 0.05)。结论跨理论模型联合赋能教育应用于中青年冠心病病人PCI术后的健康教育中，能提高病人的自我管理能力，改善病人的自我管理行为，减轻病人的焦虑、抑郁负性情绪，值得临床推广。

Effects of cross-theoretical model combined with empowerment education on self-management behavior and negative emotions in young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease after PCI

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of cross-theoretical model combined with empowerment education on self-management behavior and negative emotions in young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).MethodsA total of 68 young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease undergoing PCI were selected and divided into the observation group(n=33) and control group(n=35) according to the random number table method.The control group was given routine health education, and the observation group was given cross-theoretical model combined empowerment education on the base of control group.The coronary heart disease self-management behavior scale and anxiety and depression rating scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey, and the scores of each dimension of self-management behavior, anxiety and depression scores of patients in the two groups were compared.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the scores of each dimension of self-management between the two groups at discharge(P>0.05).At 3 months after discharge, there was no significant difference in the scores of emotional cognitive management dimension of self-management between the two groups(P>0.05), but the scores of other dimensions of self-management in observation group were higher than those in control group(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).At 6 months after discharge, the scores of each dimension of self-management in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0.01).There was no significant difference in the scores of anxiety and depression between the two groups at discharge(P>0.05).The scores of anxiety in observation group were lower than those in control group at 3 and 6 months after discharge(P < 0.05 to P < 0.01).The scores of anxiety depression in the two groups at 3 and 6 months after discharge were lower than those at discharge(P < 0.05), and the scores of anxiety at 6 months after discharge were lower than those at 3 months after discharge in observation group(P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe application of cross-theoretical model combined empowerment education in the health education of young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease after PCI can improve the patient's self-management ability, improve the patient's self-management behavior, and reduce the patient's negative emotions such as anxiety and depression, which is worthy of clinical promotion.