肝硬化并发医院感染的危险因素研究

目的探讨肝硬化患者的医院感染状况与危险因素，为有效防治肝硬化医院感染，降低其发生率提供科学依据。方法对肝硬化患者医院感染的危险因素采取回顾性的调查分析。结果肝硬化并发医院感染者占住院肝硬化患者的35．78％；医院感染组的病死率为15．66％，非感染组为7.38％，两者有显著差异。肝硬化并发医院感染的危险因素包括年龄、病程、住院天数、手术及侵袭性操作以及肝硬化的并发症等；肝硬化医院感染的部位主要为上呼吸道、腹腔、肠道、泌尿道及血液感染。结论肝硬化并发医院感染的发生率高，病死率高；积极治疗原发病、缩短住院时间、合理使用抗菌药物、注意无菌操作、避免不必要的手术及侵袭性操作是预防肝硬化医院感染的重要环节。

Risk Factors of Nosocomial Infection in Cirrhosis

Objective rhosis, to provide scicnt To explore the state of nosocomial infection and its risk factors in patients with cirific basis for its effective prevention and treatment, and to lower its incidence. Methods The sensitive factors of nosocomial infection in patients with cirrhosis were analyzed retrospectively. Results The cases of cirrhosis complicated nosocomial infection were 35.78 % of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis and the mortality rate was 15.66%. The risk factors of nosocomial infection included age, course of disease, the duration of hospitalization, inhibition of antibiotic drugs, operation or invasive manipulation, chronic basic diseases, and complications, etc. The nosocomical infection sites were in multiple organs, or else, mainly at lungs, abdominal cavity, gastrointestinal, urinary tract, intestines, and blood system. Conclusion In patients with cirrhosis complicating nosocomical infection the incidence and mortality are all in relatively high level. It is important to treat the original disease actively, to shorten the duration of hospitalization, to apply the antibiotics reasonably, to pay attention to germ-free operations, and to avoid needless and invasive operations. All of these aspects are of key importance for the prevention of nosocomial infection in patients with cirihosis.