老年晚期肿瘤患者心理体验的质性研究

目的：了解老年晚期肿瘤患者在疾病终末期心理体验的特点，为进一步提高患者生活质量提供依据。方法通过半结构式深入访谈，收集9例老年晚期肿瘤患者的资料，采用Colaizzi的七步资料分析法，进行分析、整理和主题的提炼。结果本组患者的心理体验归纳为8个主题：确诊之初的心理反应、疾病治疗过程的心理感受、获取信息的强烈需求、情感支持需求、治疗过程中承受的压力、求生意愿强烈、对死亡的态度和感受，有计划的安排好身后事。结论老年晚期肿瘤患者心理体验具有阶段性和疾病不确定感，对情感支持有强烈需求，对死亡有较清醒的认识。提示在不同阶段关注老年晚期肿瘤患者的内心感受，加强对其心理支持、信息支持、情感支持和同伴支持。

Qualitative Research on Psychological Experience of Elderly Patients Suffering from Terminal Cancer

Objective To explore the emotional experiences of elderly patients with terminal tumor, and to improve their quality of life. Methods Nine elderly patients with terminal tumor participated in an deep interview in terms of their emotional experiences. After that, the Colaizzi analytical method was adopted to extract the themes. Results Eight themes were concluded from the experiences of patients including psychological reaction at the beginning of diagnosis; emotional experiences in treatment; strong requirement of information; the demand of emotional support; the pressure in treatment; strong aspiration for survival; the feeling of and attitude toward death, planning after death. Conclusion Periodicity and uncertainty are the characteristics of the emotional experiences of elderly patients with terminal tumor and they have strong demand of emotional support and sober understanding of death. Nurses should focus on the emotional experiences of elderly patients with terminal tumor, and strengthen the psychological, informative, emotional and peer support.