血液透析患者临时中心静脉置管感染的相关因素分析

目的 探讨血液透析患者临时中心静脉置管感染的相关因素. 方法 选取2012年2月至12月上海市杨浦区中心医院肾内科临时置管患者82例,根据置管部位、是否合并糖尿病、血红蛋白、白蛋白、年龄、eGFR数值等因素分组研究导管感染率的发生. 结果 股静脉置管感染率高于颈内静脉,分别为28.8％和6.7％,x^2=5.695,P＜0.05,糖尿病患者感染率高于非糖尿病患者,感染率分别为33.3％、12.2％,x2=5.336,P＜0.05（P＜0.05）,营养指标（血红蛋白、白蛋白）影响血液透析患者导管感染率（P＜0.05）.感染组与非感染组年龄分别为68.82±14.87岁和69.75±14.9岁,t=-0.229,P＞0.05,感染组与非感染组分别为7.92±7.83ml/min和9.73±7.19ml/min,t=-0.908,P＞0.05,均无统计学意义. 结论 血液透析患者临时中心静脉置管感染与置管位置、合并糖尿病、营养状况等有关,预防导管感染要从这几个方面入手,以减少临时中心静脉置管患者感染的发生.

Analysis of the factors relating to catheter infection in hemodialysis patients with temporary central vein catheterization

Objective To explore the factors relating to catheter infection in hemodialysis patients with temporary central vein catheterization.Methods Eighty-two hemodialysis patients with temporary central vein catheter and treated in the period of February to December 2012 in our hospital were retrospectively surveyed.Patients were divided into several groups according to position of the catheter,diabetes,nutrition indicators （hemoglobin and albumin）,age and eGFR.Their catheter infection rate was investigated.Results The catheter infection rate was higher in femoral vein （28.8％） than in intemal jugular vein （6.7％; x2=5.695,P＜0.05）,and was higher in patients with diabetes （33.3％） than those without diabetes （12.2％; x2 =5.336,P＜0.05）.The catheter infection rate was also influenced by the nutrition indicators of hemoglobin and albumin （P＜0.05）,but not by age and eGFR of the patients （P＞0.05）.Conclusions Catheter infection in hemodialysis patients with temporary central vein catheterization was related to position of the catheter,diabetes and nutrition indicators （hemoglobin and albumin）.These factors should be taken into consideration to prevent catheter infection in hemodialysis patients with temporary central vein catheterization.