中国生活事件调查——(一)紧张性生活事件在正常人群中的基本特征

采用自编紧张性生活事件评定量表,对中国16岁以上正常人群4054人进行了调查,发现最严重的刺激因素是丧偶,家庭主要成员死亡;最轻微的刺激是生活琐事与人争吵,违章罚款或扣发奖金。中国正常成年人一年内承受心理紧张压力最大的事件是被人误会、错怪、子女管教困难,生活环境受噪音干扰,家庭主要成员患急、重病,家庭经济困难,工作中遇到困难等。从事件类别来看,健康和法律与政治方面的问题刺激强度偏重,人际关系、环境问题是主要的心理紧张刺激类别,也是发生频度最高的我国生活中常见心理紧张刺激源。本文还发现,高强度心理紧张刺激因素发生频度偏低,而低强度心理紧张刺激因素发生频度偏高。大约95%的16岁以上的中国正常人,一年内承受的心理压力可能不会超过60分,99%的人可能不会超过74分。

Stressful life events(SLE) investigated among 4050 Chinese normal subjests aged 16 years and over.(1)The features of SLE of a large Chinese sample

Using a self-developed stressful life events scale with 47 items,4054 Chinese normal sub-jects aged 16 years and over sampled from various parties in China were investigated by a cooperationgroup.Death of spouse and death of other family member were found as the most severe SLEs While troublewith others and financial punishment for regulation offense were the midset SLEs.47 items of SLE weregroupped into 8 categories in which health problem,and political and law issues were found to be severe in in-tensity but less in frequency.In general,maximum total raw scores of SLE for one year might be 60 for 95%subjects.In the one year SLE scoring totally,the higher scores were found to involve those items ofmisunderstood by others around,bothered by raising child,environmental noise,acute and severe illness infamily member and difficulties in work.