超声波辅助乙醇提取山葡萄籽多酚的工艺研究

目的：确定超声波辅助乙醇提取山葡萄籽多酚的最佳工艺条件，为山葡萄籽的利用提供技术参考。方法：以山葡萄籽为原料，乙醇为提取液，通过单因素实验与正交试验设计，检测在不同乙醇浓度（20%、40%、60%、80%和95%）、提取时间（10、20、30、40和60 min）、提取温度（25℃、35℃、45℃、55℃和65℃）、料液比（1：4、1：6、1：8、1：10和1：12）、提取次数（1、2、3、4和5次）及超声功率（50、60、80、100和120W）时山葡萄籽多酚的提取率。结果：超声波辅助乙醇提取山葡萄籽多酚的最佳工艺参数为乙醇浓度60%、提取温度50℃、提取时间30 min、超声功率120W、料液比1：8，提取2次。在此工艺参数下，山葡萄籽多酚得率为11.71%，多酚含量为32.86%。结论：与传统溶剂浸提法比较，超声波辅助乙醇提取山葡萄籽多酚更具优势，该工艺具有简单、合理和高效的特点。

Study on extracting polyphenols from Vitis amurensis seeds through ultrasound-assisted method using ethanol

Objective: To establish the optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction process of polyphenols from Vitis amurensis seeds, and to provide technical reference for the use of grape seeds.Methods: With vitis amurensis seeds as raw material and ethanol as solvent, the extraction rates of polyphenols were detected under different conditions,such as different ethanol concentrations(20%,40%,60%,80%, and 95%), extraction time(10,20,30,40,and 60 min), extraction temperatures(25℃,35℃,45℃,55℃,and 65℃), material/liguid ratios(1:4,1:8,1:10,and 1:12),extraction times(1,2,3,4,and 5) and ultrasonic powers (50,60,80,100, and 120 w) by single factor experiment and orthogonal test.Results: The optimum parameters identified were as follows:ethanol concentration was 60%,extracting temperature was 50℃,extraction time was 30 min,ultrasonic power was 120 W,material/liquid ratio was 1:8, and extracting times was 2. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the extraction rate of polyphenols from Vitis amurensis seeds was 11.71%,and the polyphenols concentration was 32.86%.Conclusion: Compared with traditional solvent extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols from Vitis amurensis seeds has more advantages; the craft is simple, reasonable and efficient.