荆芥挥发油及其主要成分抗流感病毒作用研究

目的:观察荆芥挥发油及其主要成分薄荷酮、胡薄荷酮在鸡胚内及小鼠体内的抗流感病毒作用。方法:分别以预防(鸡胚感染病毒前1h给药)和治疗(鸡胚染毒后1h给药)两种给药方式,经鸡胚尿囊腔和卵黄囊两种给药途径将不同浓度的药物注入鸡胚,孵育48h后收取鸡胚尿囊液进行血凝试验来评价药物在鸡胚内的抗病毒效应。分别以预防(小鼠感染病毒前5d开始给药,连续5d)和治疗(小鼠感染病毒后当天开始给药,连续5d)方式给药,计算肺指数来评价药物的体内抗病毒效应。结果:胡薄荷酮0.1×2-8ml/胚剂量经尿囊腔预防给药后鸡胚尿囊液的血凝滴度明显降低;荆芥挥发油0.05×2-15ml/胚剂量经尿囊腔治疗给药后尿囊液血凝滴度明显降低;荆芥挥发油0.1×2-12、0.05×2-12、0.025×2-12ml/胚剂量与胡薄荷酮0.1×2-8、0.05×2-8、0.025×2-8ml/胚剂量经卵黄囊预防给药后尿囊液血凝滴度明显降低;荆芥挥发油0.1×2-12、0.05×2-12ml/胚、薄荷酮0.05×2-6ml/胚剂量及胡薄荷酮0.1×2-8、0.05×2-8、0.025×2-8ml/胚剂量经卵黄囊治疗给药后尿囊液血凝滴度明显降低。荆芥挥发油0.226ml/kg、薄荷酮0.5ml/kg、胡薄荷酮0.19 ml/kg剂量治疗方式给药明显降低病毒感染小鼠的肺指数。结论:荆芥挥发油及其主要成分胡薄荷酮在鸡胚内具有较好的抗流感病毒作用,且以卵黄囊途径给药效果为优,薄荷酮的抗病毒效应不明显。荆芥挥发油、薄荷酮及胡薄荷酮治疗方式给药对流感病毒感染小鼠有良好保护作用,但预防给药效果不明显。

Study on the effect of anti-influenza virus of the volatile oil of Schizonepetae,menthone and pulegone

Objective: To study the effect of anti-influenza virus of the volatile oil of Schizonepetae,menthone and pulegone in chick embryo or in mice.Methods: The chick embryos were treated with different dosage of 3 kinds of drugs,which were injected into the allantoic cavity and vitelline sac respectively in preventive and therapeutic administration way.Allantoic fluid was collected after incubation for 48h,and allantoic fluid HA on the chick embryo level were used as measurement indicators.The mice which be infected with influenza virus were treated respectively with 3 kinds of drugs in preventive and therapeutic way,and the lung index was adapted to evaluate the antiviral effect.Results: Allantoic fluid HA was significantly decreased after the chick embryos were treated with pulegone(0.1 × 2-8ml/egg) by the allantoic cavity injection in the preventive administration way,while the volatile oil of Schizonepetae(0.05 × 2-15ml/egg) in the therapeutic administration way.Meanwhile,allantoic fluid HA was significantly decreased after the chick embryos were treated with the volatile oil of Schizonepetae(0.1 × 2-12ml/egg,0.05 × 2-12 ml/egg),menthone(0.05 × 2-6ml/egg) and pulegone(0.1 × 2-8 ml/egg、0.05 × 2-8 ml/egg,0.025 × 2-8 ml/egg) by vitelline sac injection in the therapeutic administration way,while the volatile oil of Schizonepetae(0.1 × 2-12ml/egg,0.05 × 2-12ml/egg,0.025 × 2-12ml/egg) and pulegone(0.1 × 2-8ml/egg,0.05 × 2-8ml/egg,0.025 × 2-8ml/egg) in the preventive administration way.Lung index was significantly decreased when the mice were treated with volatile oil of Schizonepetae(0.226ml/kg),methone(0.5 ml/kg) and pulegone(0.19 ml/kg) in therapeutic administration way.Conclusion: The volatile oil of Schizonepetae and pulegone had significant effect of anti-influenza virus in chick embryo,while the effect of menthone was inferior to them.The volatile oil of Schizonepetae,methone and pulegone had good antiviral effects in infected mice which be treated with drugs by therapeutic way.