国人延髓动脉的观察

本文观察了110例成人脑标本的延髓外部动脉;采用动脉X线造影法和透明法,在20例人脑标本上观察了延髓内部动脉的形态和供应。将延髓表面分为四区,供应各区的外部动脉可分为相应的4群。前正中群和前外侧群动脉主要来自脊髓前动脉,前正中群动脉供应舌下神经核、内侧丘系及部分锥体束等中缝两侧结构;前外侧群动脉供应大部分锥体束;外侧群动脉来自椎动脉、小脑下后动脉、基底动脉和小脑下前动脉,主要供应网状结构、脊髓丘脑束、三叉神经脊束及核、迷走神经背核等;后群动脉来自脊髓后动脉和小脑下后动脉,主要供应薄、楔束核等。本文还讨论了延髓外侧区的血液供应及“终动脉”等问题。

OBSERVATION ON THE ARTERIES OF THE HUMAN MEDULLA OBLONGATA

The origin, distribution, anastomoses and variations of the arteries of medulla oblongata were observed on 110 Chinese adult brains. The internal arteries and their territories were observed on 20 brains by artereography and clearing method (Spalteholz's technic). The results were as follows: The arteries of medulla oblongata could be divided into four groups according to their distribution. The arteries of the anteromedian and anterolateral groups arose from the anterior spinal artery, and also from the vertebral artery and basilar artery. The arteries of the lateral group contained a series of small arterial rami, which arose from the vertebral artery, posterior inferior cerebellar artery, anterior inferior cerebellar artery and basilar artery. The arteries of the posterior group arose from the posterior spinal artery and posterior inferior cerebellar artery. The arteries of each group branched and penetrated into the medulla, they ramify into fine branches, and the capillary network was formed. The internal anteromedian arteries supplied the hypoglossal nucleus, medial lemniseus etc. The internal anterolateral arteries supplied chiefly pyramidal tract. The internal posterior arteries supplied the gracile and cuneate nuclei. The internal lateral arteries supplied the rest of the areas which include reticular formation, dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve etc.. The arterial supply of the medullary lateral area and the endartery were discussed.