咳嗽变异型哮喘肺功能特征及气道反应性特点的研究

目的探讨咳嗽变异型哮喘（CVA）肺功能各项指标的变化及意义,了解CVA患者气道反应性情况。方法采用肺功能仪及支气管激发试验（BPT）,分析30例咳嗽变异型哮喘与16例健康对照组、30例典型哮喘患者行支气管激发试验前、后的肺功能指标,比较各组间的差异,以及支气管激发试验阳性时CVA组及典型哮喘组所需组胺累积量的差异。结果BFF后CVA组肺功能中反映大气道功能的FVC、FEV,、PEF以及反应小气道功能的V50与典型哮喘组比较差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）;组胺累积量CVA组多于典型哮喘组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论咳嗽变异型哮喘患者激发试验前肺功能虽然在正常范围。但激发试验后存在大气道和小气道功能障碍,但肺功能受损尚不及典型哮喘患者,其气道反应性较典型哮喘患者程度较轻。

Analysis on the Characters of Pulmonary Function inCough ariant Asthma and Bronchial Responsieness

Objective To analyze the characters and variations of pulmonary function and the extent of bronchial responsiveness of cough variant asthma （CVA） patients. Methods The data indexes of pulmonary function of 30 CVA patients, 16 healthy controls and 30 typical asthma patients before and after the bronchial provocation test （ BPT） had been obtained by using the pulmonary function machine and BPT ,then we compared them respectively and analyzed whether the differences between the data indexes of CVA group before and after the BPT,the differences of the data indexes of pulmonary function before BPT among three groups,and the differences of them after BPT among the three groups were statistically significant or not. In addition,we also analyzed whether the differences of the amount of accumulative dose of histamine which was needed when BPT was positive, between CVA and typical asthma groups is statistically significant or not.Results The data indexes of FVC,FEVt ,PEF,which indicating the functions of big airway in CVA patients ,the data indexes of V50 ,which indicating the functions of small airway and the accumulative dose of histamine in group CVA is more than group typical asthma, there were significant statistical differences （P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion The pulmonary function of CVA patients is normal before BPT;however,dysfunction of airway,especially in the small airway of CVA patients has occurred after BPT. The dysfunction of CVA patients is not as bad as it is of typical asthma patients and the airways＇reaction is lighter as well.