微创法与劈冠法在下颌低位阻生智齿拔除中的比较研究

目的:在下颌低位阻生智齿拔除中,比较微创拔牙法与锤凿劈冠法的效果。方法 :研究对象为我院收治的134例下颌低位阻生智齿患者,将其分为研究组和对照组,分别为69、65例。研究组患者采用微创拔牙法,而对照组患者采用锤凿劈冠法。比较2组患者的以下指标:术中并发症、拔牙时间、术后并发症。结果:研究组和对照组的拔牙时间分别为(16.28±1.01)、(32.25±1.09)min,2组相比,P<0.01,前者明显比后者短(t=124.72)。研究组和对照组患者的邻牙松动、术中根折、舌侧骨板骨折等术中并发症的发生率比较,P<0.05,前者明显低于后者;而2组患者的牙龈撕裂术中并发症的发生率比较,P>0.05,差异无统计学意义。研究组和对照组患者的干槽症、张口受限、术后疼痛等术后并发症的发生率比较,P<0.01,前者明显低于后者。结论:对于下颌低位阻生智齿的拔除,采用微创拔牙法减轻了患者的恐惧和不适感,创伤小,拔牙时间缩短,术中及术后并发症少,拔牙创口愈合快,非常值得在临床上推广和应用。

Minimally Invasive Extraction Method in the Extraction of Low Impact Wisdom Teeth

Objective： To evaluate the clinical value of minimally invasive extraction method in the process for low impact wisdom teeth extraction. Method：134 cases were retrospectively reviewed. In experiment group （n=69）, minimally invasive method were used for teeth extractions. In control group （n=65）, hammer chisel splitting method were used for teeth extractions. The duration of tooth extraction, intraoperative complications, and postoperative complications between the two groups were compared. Results： Duration of extraction in mini invasive group was （16.28±1.01） min while that of chisel group was （32.25 ±1.09） min （P〈0.01）. Intraoperative complications such as adjacent tooth mobility, root fracture, lingual bone plate fracture also showed significant difference between two groups （P〈0.05）, and no difference on gingival avulsion （P〉0.05）. Postoperative complications such as dry socket, limited mouth opening, postoperative pain demonstrated significant difference between the two groups （P〈0.01）, the former is obviously lower than the latter. Conclusion：Minimally invasive tooth extraction method demonstrated obvious advantages in the extraction of low impact wisdom teeth.