切开复位内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折的疗效分析

目的 评定切开复位内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折的疗效,并分析其影响因素.方法 回顾性分析2004年3月至2006年7月收治的采用切开复位内固定治疗的移位跟骨关节内骨折40例(46足).按照Sanders分型:Ⅱ型16足,Ⅲ型19足,Ⅳ型11足,总结评定其临床疗效并分析影响疗效的相关因素. 结果 所有患者均得到随访,平均随访18个月(13～28个月).根据Maryland足部评分系统评价术后疗效:优21足,良16足,可6足,差3足,优良率82.6%.优良率在不同骨折类型中分别为:Ⅱ型93.8%(15/16),Ⅲ型84.2%(16/19),1V型54.5%(6/11);伤后至手术时间≤14 d组和＞14d组分别为87.2%(34/38)和42.9%(3/8);在术后B0hler角＜15°组和≥15°组分别为37.5%(2/9)和89.5%(35/37);关节面复位质量≤2 mm组和＞2 mm组分别为91.2%(32/33)和45.5%(5/13).对各因素的优良率比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 切开复位内固定治疗移位的跟骨关节内骨折,治疗效果好.骨折类型、伤后至手术时间、术后Bohler角的恢复程度、关节内骨折的复位质量为影响其术后疗效的重要因素.

Open reduction and internal fixation for displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures

Objective To evaluate open reduction and internal fixation for displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures and analyze factors affecting its clinical results. Methods From March 2004 to July 2006,46 displaced intra-arficular calcaneal fractures in 40 patients were surgically treated by open reduction and internal fixation.According to Sanders classification,there were 16 cases of type Ⅱ,19 cases of type Ⅲ and 11 cases of type Ⅳ. Results All the patients were followed up for anaverage of 18(13 to 28)months.The effects of treatment were evaluated according to Maryland Foot Score:excellent in 21 feet,good in 16 feet,fair in 6 feet,poor in 3 feet. The total good to excellent ratewas 82.6%.The respective good to excellent rates were 93.8%for type Ⅱ fractures,84.2%for type Ⅲ,and 54.5%for type Ⅳ;87.2%for the group with time interval from injury to surgery ≤14d,and 42.9%for the group with time interval＞14d;37.5%for thegroup with B(o)hler angle＜15°,and 89.5% for the group with B(o)hler angle≥15 °.91.2%for the group with reduction of intra-articular calcaneal fractures ≤2 mm,and 45.5% for the group with the reduction＞2mm.The differences within each factor group were statistically significant(P＜0.05). Conclusions Open reduction and internal fixation fordisplaced intra-articularcalcaneal fractures is a good method.Fracture type,time interval from injury to surgery,B(o)hler angle reduction,reduction of intra-articular calcaneal fractures are important factors affecting outcome of operation.