糖尿病患者及糖调节受损者失齿的相关因素分析

目的了解2型糖尿病患者、糖调节受损(impaired glucose regulation,IGR)者和血糖正常者的失齿情况,探讨失齿的易感因素,为龋病和牙周病的预防和临床治疗提供依据。方法采用病例对照的研究方法,对145例2型糖尿病患者(糖尿病组)、140例IGR者(IGR组)和149例血糖正常者(血糖正常组)进行流行病学问卷调查,口腔检查、留取静息全唾液,测定静态唾液流量和唾液pH值,测定血糖、血脂。对结果数据进行统计学分析。结果糖尿病组、IGR组和血糖正常组的失齿率分别为68.3%(99/145)、66.4%(93/140)、55.7%(83/149),3组之间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组失齿均数与标准差分别为5.94±8.154、5.06±7.230、3.09±5.401颗牙,糖尿病患者失齿均数与血糖正常者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),IGR组失齿均数与血糖正常组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,是否失齿与年龄成正相关关系(OR=1.083,95%置信区间1.060～1.106,P<0.01),与唾液pH值成负相关关系(OR=0.658,95%置信区间0.437～0.992,P<0.05)。结论糖尿病患者和IGR者比血糖正常者失齿多,必须采取综合性的预防措施才能有效地控制失齿。

Analysis of the factors related to tooth-loss on individuals with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose regulation

Objective To investigate the status of tooth-loss and explore their predisposing factors for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus（DM）,with impaired glucose regulation（IGR） and with normal glucose tolerance（NGT）.Methods One hundred and forty-five DM patients and 140 IGR individuals and 149 NGT individuals participated in the study.Questionnaires and oral examination were carried out and fasting plasma glucose（FPG）levels and plasma glucose level of 2 hours post glucose-load（PG2h）and blood lipids and resting salivary flow rates,salivary pH value were tested.Results In DM,IGR and NGT groups,the tooth-loss rates were 68.3%（99/145）,66.4%（93/140）,55.7%（83/149） respectively which were no significant difference compared among three groups.The tooth-loss means and standard deviation were 5.94±8.154,5.06±7.230,3.09±5.401 respectively which were significant difference compared among them,tooth-loss of DM（5.94±8.154） group was higher than NGT（3.09±5.401） group（P 0.01）,tooth-loss of IGR（5.06± 7.230） group was higher than NGT（3.09±5.401） group（P 0.05）.Logistic regression analysis results show： tooth-loss were influenced by factors of age（OR=1.083,95%CI.1.060～1.106,P0.01）and salivary pH value（OR=0.658,95%CI 0.437 ～0.992,P 0.05）.Conclusion DM patients and IGR individuals were more subjected to tooth-loss than NGT individuals,the comprehensive preventive measures are taken to effectively prevent tooth-loss.