低视力患者助视器验配的应用效果评估

目的 评估低视力患者助视器验配后的实际应用效果,探讨低视力康复有效性的维持与改进方法.方法 对173例低视力患者进行视功能评估及助视器验配,l a后对助视器使用情况进行回访调查,就低视力患者视觉改善状况、助视器日均使用时间、助视器弃用原因以及存在的问题等进行分析.结果 173例低视力患者的前三位主要病因为高度近视、先天性眼病及糖尿病视网膜病变.助视器日均使用时间:偶尔使用者占66.47％,使用≤lh者占4.62％,使用＞l～2h者占19.08％,使用＞2～3 h者占4.62％,使用＞3h者占5.20％.助视器验配的总有效率为79.77％,远用光学助视器之间的使用效果差异无统计学意义(x2 =0.794,P=0.939);近用助视器的使用效果间差异有统计学意义(X2=12.535,P＜0.05).弃用的23个助视器中,因视力差弃用者占73.91％,因使用不方便弃用者占17.39％,因不会使用弃用者占8.70％.结论 个性化验配助视器能够使助视器得到有效的利用,光学和电子助视器的适当使用能够明显提高低视力患者的残余视功能,但需要加强后续的随访及服务,解决助视器验配及使用中出现的问题.

Application and evaluation of visual aids fitting in patients with low vision

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of personalized fitting for visual aids in patients low vision.Methods A total of 173 low vision patients were given visual function evaluation and visual aids fitting,and followed up for the usage of devices after 1 year.Then several variables were analyzed,including vision,the duration of wearing visual aids per day,reasons for discontinuance and existing problems.Results The top 3 underlying etiologies of low vision were high myopia,congenital eye diseases and diabetic retinopathy.As for the usage of visual aids,patients wearing device occasionally accounted for 66.47％,＜ 1 hour for 4.62％,＞ 1-2 hours for 19.08％,＞ 2-3 hours for 4.62％,＞ 3 hours for 5.20％.The overall efficiency rate of visual aids fitting was 79.77％.and the difference in effectiveness of distance-optical visual aids had no statistical significance (X2 =0.794,P =0.939),but there was significant difference among near-optical visual aids (X2 =12.535,P ＜ 0.05).Among abandoned 23 aids,17 (73.91％) was discarded due to decreased visual acnity,4 (17.39％) due to inconvenience to use,and 2 (8.70％) was unknown to use.Conclusion Personalized fitting can make visual aids more efficient,and the appropriate use of optical visual and electronic visual aids can significantly improve the residual vision by follow-up and enhanced service.