新生血管性青光眼三联序贯治疗效果观察

目的 观察新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)经抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)玻璃体内及前房内注射,小梁切除术及双目间接检眼镜下全视网膜光凝的三联序贯治疗的疗效.方法 选择2014年5月至2016年5月北京大学第三医院眼科诊断为NVG伴视网膜病变且药物控制眼压不良的患者.共有18例(18眼)患者纳入本研究,其中男15例、女3例,年龄(61.7±13.9)岁.序贯治疗的第1天行前房穿刺放液联合抗VEGF前房内及玻璃体内注射,注射后3～5d行小梁切除手术,小梁切除术术后5～7d内开始采用双目间接检眼镜激光直视行全视网膜激光光凝.记录患者手术前后视力、眼压、角膜、虹膜、房角新生血管和眼底情况.结果 视网膜中央动脉阻塞1眼,视网膜中央静脉阻塞6眼,视网膜分支静脉阻塞5眼,糖尿病视网膜病变4眼,视网膜动脉合并视网膜静脉阻塞2眼.治疗前眼压(43.5±5.1)mmHg(1 kPa =7.5 mmHg),使用抗青光眼药物种类为(5.1±0.5)种;治疗后眼压(15.2±2.2)mmHg,使用抗青光眼药物种类为(0.5±1.0)种,差异均有统计学意义(t=21.68,P＜0.001;t=12.30,P＜0.001).序贯治疗后视力提高4例,视力无变化13例,下降1例.结论 抗VEGF玻璃体及前房内注射,小梁切除术及双目间接检眼镜下全视网膜光凝的三联序贯治疗对NVG有明确的治疗效果.

Innovative sequential treatment of neovascular glaucoma

Objective To observe the curative effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) intracameral and intravitreal injection,trabeculectomy and pan-retinal photocoagulation by indirect ophthalmoscope for neovascular glaucoma (NVG).Methods NVG patients with uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) and retinopathy was enrolled from May,2014 to May,2016.Eighteen patients were enrolled with 15 males(15 eyes) and 3 females(3 eyes) with age at (61.7 ± 13.9) years old.Anti-VEGF intracameral and intravitreal injection with anterior chamber puncture was performed in the first day of sequential treatment.Trebeculectomy was performed 3-5 days after injection and finally the pan-retinal photocoagulation was started 5-7 days after anti-glaucoma surgery.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),IOP,cornea,neovascularization of iris and retinal disease were observed and recorded.Results The diagnosis included 1 eye with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO),6 eyes with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO),5 eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion,5 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 2 eyes with combined CRAO and CRVO.IOP before and after treatment were (43.5 ±5.1) mmHg (1 kPa =7.5 mmHg) and (15.2 ± 2.2) mmHg,there was significantly statistical difference (t =21.68,P ＜0.001).The categories of antiglaucoma medicines were 5.1 ± 0.5 and 0.5 ± 1.0 before and after treatment respectively,and the difference was statistical significant (t =12.30,P ＜ 0.001).BCVA was improved in 4 eyes,maintained in 13 eyes and decreased in only 1 eye.Conclusion The sequential treatment including anti-VEGF intracameral and intravitreal injection,trabeculectomy and pan-retinal photocoagulation by indirect ophthalmoscope is safe and effective.