肝硬化门静脉高压外科治疗的现状及进展

肝硬化可以导致门静脉压力病理性持续升高,出现食管胃底静脉曲张、腹水、肝性脑病以及继发循环功能障碍等多种并发症。门静脉高压症以综合治疗为主,其中外科治疗主要是控制并预防食管胃底静脉曲张破裂大出血。介入治疗和肝移植已逐渐成为手术干预的一种常规手段,能够显著提高患者生活质量,但断流术和分流术仍是目前的主流术式。肝硬化门静脉高压的每一种手术策略都有其自身的特点,综合评估患者一般情况及病情特点,采用个性化治疗方案以达到最佳疗效将是未来的趋势。

Surgical treatment of cirrhotic portal hypertension: Current status and research advances

Liver cirrhosis can lead to continuous pathological elevation of portal venous pressure, resulting in various complications such as esophageal and gastric varices, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and secondary circulatory dysfunction. Multimodality therapy is the main treatment method for portal hypertension, among which surgical treatment is mainly used to control and prevent massive esophagogastric variceal bleeding. Currently, interventional therapy and liver transplantation have gradually become a routine method for surgical intervention and can significantly improve patients’ quality of life, but devascularization and shunt are still the mainstream surgical procedures. Each surgical strategy for cirrhotic portal hypertension has its own characteristics. It will be a trend in the future to evaluate patients’ general conditions and clinical features and select individualized treatment regimens to achieve the best treatment outcome.