477例住院患者抗菌药物临床使用的横断面调查分析

目的综合分析某院住院患者抗菌药物横断面使用现状,为抗菌药物的合理应用和宏观管理提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,对2013年12月11日0：00～24：00的住院患者进行抗菌药物使用调查。结果 477例住院患者中,抗菌药物使用率为56.39%,其中治疗、预防、治疗加预防用药分别为45.35%、39.03%、15.62%;抗菌药物单用、二联、三联及三联以上使用率为68.40%、27.14%、4.46%;在全院各科室中以外科系使用率最高为61.86%;全院治疗性用药病原菌学送检率（包括治疗加预防用药）为28.66%;预防使用抗菌药物主要集中在手术科室。抗菌药物使用频率以β-内酰胺/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复合制剂最高。结论该院住院患者的围手术期抗菌药物预防使用率较高,培养标本送检率较低,降低抗菌药物使用率的关键是规范围手术期抗菌药物合理用药的管理。

Cross-sectional study of clinical use of antibiotics in 477 inpatients

Objective To give a comprehensive analysis of cross-sectional use of antibiotics in inpatients of one hos- pital,so as to provide scientific basis for reasonable application and macro-administration of antibiotics.Methods The clinical use of antibiotics for all inpatients from 0 to 24 clock on December 11,2013 was investigated.Results Of all 477 hospitalized patients, the usage rate of antibiotics was 56.39 % ,among which the rates of treatment, prevention, and treatment plus prevention were 45.35%, 39.03% and 15.62% respectively.The usage rates of single drug, two drugs,three drugs and above were 68.40%, 27.14% and 4.46% respectively.The usage rate in surgery department was the highest （61.86 %） and the delivery and inspection rate of etiological specimens for therapeutic medication （in- cluding treatment and prevention） in the whole hospital was 28.66 %.Preventive medications was mainly used in the surgery department.On the list of DDDs,Beta lactam/beta lactamase inhibitor compound were at the top.Conclusion Inpatients in the adore-mentioned hospital have high preventive usage rates of antibiotics and low inspection rate of culture specimen during perioperative period.The key to reduce the usage rate of antibiotics is standardized management of the application of antibiotics.