射阳县农村居民高血压相关知识、行为、需求及影响因素的研究

目的了解江苏省射阳县农村居民对高血压相关知识、行为、需求情况及其影响因素，为采取有针对性的高血压健康教育与健康促进措施提供依据。方法以多级分层整群随机抽样法，对射阳县18岁以上常住居民进行问卷调查，同时测量身高、体重和血压。结果调查对象的高血压患病率为27．6％，男性为23．2％，女性为32．1％，男女患病率均随年龄增长而上升。高血压相关知识知晓率在12．9％～88．1％之间，行为形成率在10.8％～80．2％之间，健康知识需求率在31．5％～76．3％之间。超重、年龄、职业、吸烟、饮酒、睡眠不足、心理压力较大、饮食习惯不良等影响因素与高血压发生有关（P〈0．05）。结论射阳县农村居民高血压患病率较高，而高血压相关知识知晓率与行为形成率不高，应根据不同人群的需求采取有针对性地健康教育健康促进干预措施。

Study on knowledge, behavior, need and influencing factors of hypertension among residents in Sheyang County

Objective To investigate the hypertension related knowledge, behavior and the needs and to identify hypertension influencing factors among residents in Sheyang County, to provide basis for making effective strategies of hypertension health education and promotion. Methods Questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted among the residents who was selected from people aged 18 or above in five towns in Sheyang County by multistage stratified random sampling. The contents of the questionnaire included risk factors, knowledge, behavior and needs of hypertension. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 27.6% in the residents, 23.2% and 32.1% in male and female respectively. Both of the prevalence of hypertension in male and female were positively correlated with the age. The knowledge awareness rates were between 12.9% and 88.1%, behavior formation rates were between 10.8% and 80.2%, and the needs rates were between 31.5% and 76.3%. Overweight,age,occupation,smoking, drinking, insufficient sleep, heavy mental stress, bad eating habit were significantly associated with hypertension(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension was high rural residents in Sheyang County, the knowledge awareness rate and behavior formation rate of the residents were low. It is necessary to carried out effective health education and health promotion according to the needs of different population.