地震后青少年焦虑的特征及影响因素研究

目的 了解汶川地震6个月后青少年焦虑的水平、特征及其影响因素.方法 整群抽取都江堰市区初一至高一学生共2244名,使用儿童焦虑性情绪筛查表于震后6个月进行调查,同时收集人口学资料和地震暴露资料.结果 ①)焦虑总分和各因子分(躯体化惊恐、分离性焦虑、广泛性焦虑、社交恐惧、学校恐惧),女性均高于男性(t=5.9～11.6,...

Study on Symptoms and Correlates of Anxiety Disorder among Adolescents after Earthquake

Objective To examine symptoms of anxiety among adolescents after 6 months of Wenchuan Earthquake and explore factors associated with anxiety symptoms.Methods A large-scale survey was conducted after 6 months of the earthquake in Dujiangyan District.A total of 2244 students were asked to completed the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotion Disorder（SCARED） as well as to provide demographic and earthquake exposure information.Results ①Total score on SCARED and its 5 subscales＇ scores regarding somatic/panic,separation anxiety,generalized anxiety,social phobia and school phobia,were found higher in females than males（t=5.9-11.6,Ps0.001）,those aged 15-18 were higher than 11-14（t=2.5-12.1,Ps0.05） and those living in rural area were higher than unban area（t=2.2-6.6,Ps0.05）.The results of one-way ANOVA with the other two demographic factors as covariates showed that gender effect was still significant in total score and all five subscales＇ scores（F=31.6-135.6,Ps0.001）,whereas age effect was profound in total score,somatic/panic,generalized anxiety,social phobia and school phobia（F=23.4-104.6,Ps0.001）,and location effect was still remarkable in total score,generalized anxiety and social phobia（F=5.5-9.5,Ps0.05）.②In multivariate logistic regression analysis, it was found that females（OR=2.17,P〈0.001）,those aged 15-18（OR=1.98,P〈0.001）and those having family members died or injured（OR=1.39,P〈0.01）were more risky for suffering anxiety symptoms.Conclusion Anxiety among traumatic adolescents after 6 months of the earthquake is associated with gender,age,family location and earthquake exposure.Therefore,these factors should be taken account into the practice of post-disaster mental health recovery program in school.