血液病房细菌耐药监测

目的了解血液病房患者分离菌的分布和耐药特征，指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法采用纸片扩散法（K-B法）对我院血液病房患者中分离的397株细菌进行药敏试验，并用WHONET5．3进行分析。结果397株细菌中革兰阴性杆菌为65．2％，革兰阳性球菌为34．8％；革兰阴性杆菌中肠杆菌科细菌为55％，非发酵菌为44％；革兰阳性球菌中葡萄球菌属为60．8％，其中金黄色葡萄球菌26．2％，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌73．8％；肠球菌属38．4％；大肠埃希菌ESBLs的检出率为55．8％，克雷伯菌中ESBLs的检出率为19．2％；金黄色葡萄球菌MRSA的检出率为40．9％，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌MRCNS的检出率为95．2％。结论通过对细菌的耐药监测和分析了解各病原菌的耐药特点和机制，指导临床早期经验性用药。

Surveillance of Bacterial Resistance in Hematology Ward

OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemic characteristics and drug resistance profile of clinical bacteria in hematology ward of our hospital, METHODS The susceptibility testing of clinical isolates from hematology ward was performed and the ESBLs producing strains were detected using K-B method. The results were analyzed by WHONET5. RESULTS Out of the 397 clinical isolates, 65.2% were Gram-negative bacilli and 34. 8% were Gram-positive cocci. In Gram-negative bacilli, 55% were Enterobacteriaceae and 44% were nonfermenting Gram- negative bacilli. In Gram-positive cocci, 60.8% were Staphylococcus spp and 38.4% were Enterococcus spp. The ESBLs producing strains in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp were 55.8% and 19. 2%, respectively. The MRSA in S. aureus and MRCNS in coagulase negative Staphylococcus were 40. 9% and 95.2%, respectively. No resistance to earhapenem was detected in Enterohacteriaceae and no resistance to vaneomyein was detected in Gram-positive cocci. The resistance rate of nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli to cefoperazone/sulbaetam .was less than 2.1%. CONCLUSIONS The data will be useful for the early empiric administration of antimicrobial agent in hematology ward.