永久性心脏起搏器植入术后患者发生深静脉血栓的影响因素分析

目的：探讨永久性心脏起搏器植入术后患者发生深静脉血栓（ DVT）的预测因素及预防性护理措施。方法采用回顾性调查法，查阅2009年1月至2011年12月住院行永久性起搏器植入术的425例患者的住院病历，共发生DVT 32例，对永久性心脏起搏器术后发生DVT的影响因素进行单因素分析与多因素Logistic回归分析。结果单因素方差分析结果表明，年龄、BMI指数、吸烟史、术后制动时间、DVT病史、糖尿病、高血压病、冠心病、房颤、房扑病史为心脏起搏器术后发生 DVT的影响因素（χ2值分别为8．43，5．30，11．86，5．09，17．66，22．36，4．69，12．78，32．52；P＜0．05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明，年龄（OR＝3．463）、肥胖（OR＝3．584）、吸烟史（OR＝2．785）、术后制动时间（OR＝4．844）、DVT病史（OR＝7．605）、各种基础疾病（ OR＝4．052）为永久心脏起搏器植入术后发生DVT 的影响因素（ P均＜0．05）。结论应针对预测影响因素，及时采取护理措施，预防和减少永久性心脏起搏器植入术后DVT的发生。

Influencing factors on deep venous thrombosis in patients with permanent pacemaker implantation after operation

Objective To explore the predictive factors and preventive nursing measures on deep venous thrombosis （ DVT） in patients with permanent pacemaker implantation after operation .Methods Four hundreds and twenty-five patients with permanent pacemaker implantation from January 2009 to December 2011 were retrospectively investigated , of which 32 patients suffered from DVT .The influencing factors on DVT in patients with permanent pacemaker implantation after operation were tested by the One -Way ANOVA analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis .Results One-way ANOVA analysis showed that the age , BMI index, history of smoking, braking time after operation, history of DVT, diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter were all the risk factors on DVT in patients with permanent pacemaker implantation after operation （χ2 =8.43, 5.30, 11.86, 5.09, 17.66, 22.36, 4.69, 12.78, 32.52, respectively;P〈0.05）.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age , obesity, history of smoking, braking time after operation, history of DVT, all kinds of basis diseases were the predictive factors on DVT in patients with permanent pacemaker implantation after operation （OR=3.463, 3.584, 2.785, 4.844, 7.605, 4.052, respectively;P〈0.05）.Conclusions Appropriate preventive nursing measures aimed at the influencing factors should be taken to prevent and reduce DVT in patients with permanent pacemaker implantation after operation .