肿瘤患者红细胞血型不规则抗体检测的临床意义

目的调查肿瘤患者中红细胞血型不规则抗体的检出率及各种特异性不规则抗体的分布特点，并探讨其在安全输血中的临床意义。方法手术备血患者23000例，其中男19769例，女13231例，采用微柱凝胶抗球蛋白卡进行红细胞血型不规则抗体筛查，对初筛阳性者进行特异性抗体鉴定；对需要输血的患者准备相应抗原阴性的红细胞。结果①23000例样本中检测出红细胞血型不规则抗体者118例，检出率0．51％，其中男性检出率为0．29％（58／19769）、女性检出率为0．45％（60／13231），其中以抗-Lea、抗-M、Rh系统的抗体、抗-P1及非特异性抗体较为多见；②118例抗体阳性者，有输血史或妊娠史者89例，其中检出的Rh抗体均有输血史及妊娠史；无输血史或妊娠史者29例，以抗-Lea、抗-M、抗-P1为多见，无Rh系统抗体；③为37例初筛阳性的患者准备了相合红细胞，其中4例进行了相合输血。结论红细胞血型不规则抗体检出率女性高于男性（χ^2=30．10，P〈0．0001），其中有临床意义的抗体多分布于有妊娠史或输血史的患者，这对保证输血安全具有重要的临床意义。

The clinical significance of detecting IAEG in tumor patients

Objective To investigate the positive rate of irregular antibodies of erythrocyte group (IAEG) in tumor patients and distribution characteristic of several kinds of specific antibodies, while exploring the clinical significance of IAEG in safe blood transfusion.Methods 23000 cases of patients who would be possible to accept blood transfusion during future surgical operation were detected for irregular antibodies by microcolumn gel antiglobin test and specific antibodies were analysed among the positive cases, while preparing suitable erythrocyte products without the antigen corresponding to the detected antibodies.Results ①There are 118 positive cases among 23000 samples(0.51%) and the positive rates of male and female are 0.29% (58/19769) and 0.45% (60/13231) separately.Anti-Lea, Anti-M, Anti-Rh, Anti-P1 and unspecific antibodies are the main antibodies among them.②There are 89 cases of patients with the history of blood transfusion or gestation and 29 cases of patients with none of them among 118 positive cases.③Suited blood transfusion were prepared for 37 cases and were conducted for 4 cases of patients.Conclusion The positive rate of IAEG in female group are significantly higher than that in male group (χ2 = 30.10, P ＜ 0.0001 ) and significative antibodies mainly distribute in patients who had history of blood transfusion or gestation.The detecting of IAEG are important to safeguard the blood infusion.