麻醉诱导前静脉注射利多卡因地塞米松预防支气管痉挛的作用

目的：观察在麻醉诱导前静脉注射利多卡因、地塞米松对支气管痉挛的预防作用。方法：选择美国麻醉医师协会分级（ASA）Ⅰ-Ⅱ级、行双腔气管插管的开胸手术患者80例，随机分成对照组（A组）和实验组（B组），B组在诱导前5min静脉给予利多卡因、地塞米松。两组均用异丙酚、芬太尼、力月西、万歌唱松诱导，机械控制呼吸。术中监测气道峰压、血氧饱和度（SPO2）及双肺呼吸音，比较两组结果。结果：B超的气道峰压、呼气相哮鸣音的发生率、SPO2降至96．0％以下的发生率均显著低于A组（P〈0.01）结论：诱导前静脉给予利多卡因、地塞米松能有效地预防和改善支气管痉挛的发生，提高患者围术期的安全性。

Preventive effects of intravenous injection of lidocaine and dexameson on bronchospasm before anesthesia induction

Objective: To observe the preventive effects of intravenous injection of lidocaine and dexameson on bronchospasm before anesthesia induction. Methods: 80 patients with ASA 1 or 2 stage who would undergo double lumen endotracheal catheter intubation and thoracotomy, were divided randomly into control group(group A) and experimental group(group B). Before anesthesia induction 5 min, the patients in group B were injected intravenously lidocaine and dexameson. Both groups were inducted by propofol, fentanyl, midazolam and vecuronium, before double lumen endotracheal catheter intubation and controlled mechanical ventilation. During the operation, the airway peak pressure and SPO2 were monitored, and lung respiratory sound was auscultated. Results: The airway peak pressure and incidences of expiratory wheezing and SPO2 less than 96% in group B were lower than those in group A(P<0.01). Conclusion: Before anesthesia induction, intravenous injection of lidocaine and dexamesone can effectively prevent bronchospasm and improve peri-operative safety.