贵州省少数民族地区计划免疫IEC传播策略分析

目的 通过评价儿童计划免疫信息、教育与传播（IEC）策略在贵州省黔东南州的试点实施情况及效果，探讨IEC综合策略的可行性、有效性和适宜性，为在贵州全省推广实施提供依据。方法 采用社区干预试验研究方法，分别以贵州省黔东南州实施和对照县的儿童母亲作为研究对象，在实施县进行为期8个月的干预活动。干预后，问卷调查实施县291名、对照县279名儿童母亲，同时访谈实施县村干部、乡村医生及7岁以下儿童家长。结果 干预县被调查儿童母亲有关IEC关键信息知识、态度和行为意向得分显著高于对照县。干预县儿童母亲获知计划免疫知识主要来自IEC策略的传播主体和媒介，与对照县有明显差异。从工作开展情况看，宣传画的张贴最到位，此外带插页接种证的发放率较高；被访谈村干部和乡村医生对IEC策略持认同态度。结论 IEC策略是适合当地计划免疫工作的健康传播策略，在当地推广具有可行性，但应根据当地情况适当调整。

Study of IEC strategy on childhood immunization in minority areas, Guizhou Province

Objective To explore the feasibility,validity and fitness of IEC strategy for childhood immunization and also provide evidences for extending this strategy in Guizhou Province,the effect and implementation of IEC strategy in pilot areas were evaluated.Methods Using the design of community intervention trial and selecting mothers of children in intervention and control counties as study objects,to implement the IEC strategy in pilot counties for eight months.After implementation,291 and 279 mothers in intervention and control counties were surveyed with structured questionnaires,respectively.Village leaders,village doctors and parents of children under 7 years old were in-depth interviewed as well.Results The KAP scores of mothers in intervention counties were significantly higher than those in the control.The mothers' information on immunization in intervention counties were mainly disseminated by the communicator and media of IEC strategy,which were significantly different from the control.According to the process of implementation,posters were used commendably,immunization cards with foldout were provided widely,and the IEC strategy was approved by village leaders and doctors.Conclusion The IEC strategy is a suitable strategy on immunization and feasible to be extended in Guizhou Province,only need to be adapted upon practical instances.