青少年原发性高血压的临床特点及危险因素

目的：探讨儿童青少年原发性高血压（EH）的临床特点及危险因素。方法：对我院1994年2月～2007年7月住院的43例8～18岁EH患者的临床特点进行分析，同期年龄匹配23名健康查体者作对照。结果：EH组BMI、高血压家族史、男性所占率、血尿酸和血钠水平、高尿酸血症检出率及心电图异常率均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。回归分析显示，儿童青少年原发性高血压与高血压家族史有关。结论：儿童青少年原发性高血压与超重、性别及血尿酸、血钠代谢紊乱有联系，并伴有心电图异常；高血压家族史是儿童青少年EH的独立危险因素。

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of essential hypertension in children and adolescents

Objective:To determine the Clinical characteristics and risk factors of essential hypertension in children and adolescents.Methods: PATIENTS:43 children and adolescents(admitted from February 1994 to July 2007) with EH,8 to 18 years old.CONTROL GROUP: 23 healthy children and adolescents(admitted from February 1994 to July 2007),8 to 18 years old.STUDY DESIGN: controlled study.Evaluation of anthropometrical data,age,gender,height,weight,family history towards hypertension was made.In two groups blood routine,urine routine,routine biochemical tests,electrocardiogram and abdominal ultrasonography examination were measured.The data were analyzed using CHISS.Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between family history of hypertension and EH in children and adolescents.Among the EH group,BMI,the rate of male and ECG abnormality,serum uric acid and sodium levels were higher than those in healthy control group(P<0.05).Conclusion: EH in children and adolescents correlates with BMI,gender,family history of hypertension,uric acid,serum sodium,and ECG abnormality.