四种陶瓷材料与牙釉质磨耗性能的研究

【目的】研究临床常用的四种陶瓷材料（松风陶瓷、义获嘉陶瓷、低温水热陶瓷、纳米陶瓷）与天然牙釉质的磨耗性能，比较不同修复材料对天然牙釉质的磨耗，探讨其磨耗机制。【方法】采用针一盘式二体磨耗机，以滑石瓷为对磨物，计算天然牙釉质、陶瓷试件及其对磨滑石瓷的体积损失并电镜观察修复材料磨耗面的微观结构。【结果】被测试件磨耗后体积损失量均小于天然牙（P〈0．01），天然牙体积损失量与其对磨滑石瓷体积损失量无显著性差异（P〉0．05），松风陶瓷的滑石瓷损失量大于其它各组陶瓷（P〈O．01），义获嘉陶瓷的滑石瓷损失量大于纳米陶瓷及低温水热陶瓷（P〈0．01），纳米陶瓷与低温水热陶瓷的滑石瓷损失量无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。电镜观察不同修复材料磨耗后其磨痕及微观结构明显不同。【结论】修复材料的微观结构是影响其磨耗性能的重要因素，改善材料的微观结构可减少对天然牙的过度磨耗，保护牙齿硬组织。

An in vitro study of the wear of human enamel and different dental restorative materials

Objective] To evaluate and compare the wear of four kinds of dental ceramic （SHOFU, D.SIGN, hydrothermal low - fusing ceramic, nanoceramic） used in clinical and natural enamel to provide experimental reference for selecting proper restorative to protect opposing natural enamel in clinical. Methods] The volume loss of the tested materials as well as natural enamel and opposing steatites were measured to compare the wear properties and the wear to natural tooth. Scanning electron microscope （ SEM ） was used to analyze the microstructures of the wear surface of specimens. Results] The volume loss of natural tooth was significantly more than other the tested materials （ P 〈 0.01）. No significant difference was found between natural tooth and opposing steatites （ P 〉 0.05）. The volume loss of steatite caused by SHOFU was significantly more than the other materials （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The volume loss of steatite caused by D.SIGN was significantly more than hydrothermal low- fusing ceramic and nanoceramic （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The volume loss of steatite caused by low- fusing ceramic and nanoceramic was not siginificantly different （ P 〉 0.05）. The result of scanning electron micrograph （SEM） of different ceramic were different. Condusions] The microstructore of the restorative material is an important factor that influence the wear properties. Attempt to improve the microstructure of material may reduce the excessive abrasion to natural enamel to protect the hard tissue of tooth.