免费孕前优生健康检查对降低出生缺陷发生的影响分析

目的 探讨免费孕前优生健康检查对降低出生缺陷发生的影响.方法 选取青龙满族自治县2011～2012年符合生育政策、计划怀孕的8000对农村夫妇,随机分为两组,即观察组（参加免费孕前优生健康检查）和对照组（未参加免费孕前优生健康检查）.对选取的两组夫妇分别建立档案,专人管理,怀孕后均严格跟踪,进行早孕随访,记录妊娠结局,对出生缺陷儿进行登记汇总,比较分析各项指标.结果 观察组共发现出生缺陷11例,对照组共发现出生缺陷44例,观察组出生缺陷发生率为27.5/万,对照组出生缺陷发生率为110.0/万,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.排在前四位的出生缺陷分别为神经管畸形、指（趾）畸形、唇腭裂、先天性心脏病.结论 开展免费孕前优生健康检查,把预防措施落实在怀孕之前,实现预防关口的前移,能有效降低出生缺陷的发生风险,很有必要.

Influence analysis of free pre-pregnancy checkups to reducing the occurrence of birth defects

Objective To study the influence of free pre-pregnancy checkups to reducing the occurrence of birth de- fects.Methods 8000 county couples who were accord with family planning policy and planning pregnancy fi＇om 2011 to 2012 in Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County were divided into observation group（taking part in free pre-pregnaney checkups）and control group（not taking part in free pre-pregnancy checkups）randomly.ALL these couples were given of establishing archives,special management,strict tracking,following up of early pregnancy,recording the results of gesta- tion,recording and gathering birth defects,and the indexes were compared between the two groups.Results There were 11 and 44 cases of birth defects in the observation group and control group respectively.The incidence of birth defects in observation group was 27.5/10000 which was significantly different fi＇om it in control group （1 lO.0/lO000,P〈0.05）. The first four diseases of birth defects were neural tube defects,polydactylism,cheilopalatognathus,congenital heart dis- ease.Conclusion It is essential to launch free pre-pregnancy checkups,make precaution before pregnancy and make control and prevention more early for effectively reducing the risk of birth defects.