新疆包虫病外科救治定点医院人力资源现状研究

目的了解新疆包虫病外科救治定点医院的人力资源现状。方法采用自行设计的调查表,对定点医院等级、现有从事包虫病外科救治执业(助理)医师和注册护士数、床位数,以及执业(助理)医师和注册护士年龄、学历和职称等现状进行分析。结果各级定点医院拥有救治包虫病床位数687张,执业(助理)医师333人、注册护士435人,医护比1∶1.31,其中县级医院医护比(1∶1.46)优于省(区)级(1∶1.23)和地州(市)级(1∶1.18)医院。各级定点医院医护人员的年龄、学历和职称构成不尽相同。医师均以中青年医师居多(31~50岁);省(区)级医院医师学历为硕士及以上占78.72%;地州(市)和县级医师以本科为主,分别占75.18%和64.14%,县级医院无博士学历者;省(区)级医院以高级职称最多(87.24%);地州(市)和县级以初级及以下职称为主,分别占39.01%和42.76%。各级定点医院医师学历和职称分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护士趋于年轻化,学历均以大专及以下最多,省(区)级医院本科占比相对最多(29.31%);职称均以初级及以下为主,高级职称县级(5.21%)优于省(区)级(3.45%)和地(州)市级(3.01%)。各级定点医院护士年龄和学历分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新疆包虫病定点医院医师配置存在地区差异,护理团队高级职称人才比较匮乏,医护比例与国家政策目标差距较大。建议应用政策引导区域性分配均衡,加强人才培养力度,明确各级包虫病定点医院职能,推行包虫病的分级诊疗。

The Present Situation of Human Resources in the Designated Hospital for the Surgical Treatment of Hydatid Disease in Xinjiang

Objective To understand the current situation of human resources in designated hospitals for surgical treatment of hydatidosis in Xinjiang.Methods Using self-designed questionnaires,analysis was done for the current status of hospital grade,number of doctors and registered nurses engaged in hydatid surgery,number of beds,age,educational background and professional title of doctors and registered nurses.Results The designated hospitals at all levels had 687 beds for the treatment of hydatidosis,333 practicing(assistant)doctors and 435 registered nurses,with a doctor-nursing ratio of 1∶1.31.The doctor-nursing ratio of county hospitals(1∶1.46)was better than that of provincial(district)hospitals(1∶1.23)and prefectural(city)hospitals(1∶1.18).The composition of age,educational background and professional title of medical staff in designated hospitals at all levels was different.The majority of physicians were young and middle-aged(31~50 years old),and 78.72%of them were doctors with master's degree or above in provincial(district)hospitals.Prefecture(city)and county-level doctors were the main undergraduates,accounting for 75.18%and 64.14%respectively.There was no one with doctorate degree in county-level hospitals.Provincial(district)level hospitals had the highest number of senior professional titles(87.24%).Prefectures(cities)and counties were dominated by junior and below titles,accounting for 39.01%and 42.76%respectively.There were significant differences in the distribution of doctor's educational background and professional titles in designated hospitals at all levels(P<0.05).Nurses tended to be younger,with the highest educational background of junior college or below,and the proportion of undergraduates in provincial(district)level hospitals was the highest(29.31%).The professional titles were mainly junior and below.The senior professional titles at county level(5.21%)were superior to provincial(district)level(3.45%)and prefectural(state)and municipal level(3.01%).There were significant differences in the distribution of age and education of nurses in designated hospitals at all le-vels(P<0.05).Conclusion There are regional differences in physician allocation in designated hospitals of hydatido-sis in Xinjiang.Nursing team is short of senior professional titles.There is a big gap between the proportion of medical care and the goal of national policy.It is suggested that policies should guide balanced regional distribution,strengthen personnel training,clarify the functions of designated hospitals for hydatidosis at all levels,and implement graded diagnosis and treatment of hydatidosis.