自噬相关基因Beclin1和PTEN在食管癌中的表达和意义

目的检测自噬相关基因Beclin1和PTEN在食管癌中的蛋白表达以及情况，探讨其与食管癌发生、发展的相关性及意义。方法应用免疫组织化学染色链霉素抗生素蛋白-过氧化物酶（SP）法检测66例食管癌、38例癌旁正常黏膜组织（距离癌组织〉2cm）自噬相关基NBeclin1和PTEN的蛋白表达，并结合临床病理因素进行分析。结果食管癌组织中Beclin1和PTEN的阳性表达率分别为（48．5％和45．5％），显著低于正常组织（89．5%和94．7％）（P〈0．05）。食管癌中Beclin1和PTEN在组织的分化程度间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；Beclin1与组织浸润、淋巴转移、性别、年龄间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；食管癌中PTEN与组织浸润、淋巴转移间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；与性别、年龄间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；Beclin1与PTEN在食管癌中的表达呈正相关（t=0．754，P〈0．05）。结论自噬相关基NBeclin1和PTEN在食管癌中蛋白表达下调，并与肿瘤分化程度有关。自噬活性的改变可能与食管癌的发生、发展相关。

Expression of autophagy-related gene Beclinl and PTEN in esophageal neoplasms and clinical significance

Objective This research is to investigate the expressions of autophagy-related gene Beclin1 and PTEN in esophageal squamous cell tissues, and the relationships between the expressions and clinical pathological features and clinical significance. Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was adopted to detect the expressions of autophagy-related gene Beclinl and PTEN in 66 esophageal squamous cell tissues and 36 surrounding noncancerous tissues （the distance beyond 2 cm） and to combine clinical pathological factors to conduct analysis. Results The positive expressions of Beclin1 and PTEN in neoplasm tissues were 48.5% and 45.5%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in normal tissues,89.5% and 94.7%, respectively（ P〈0.05）. There were significant statistical differences in tissue splitting of Beclin 1 and PTEN in esophageal neoplasm（ P〈0.05）. The differences of Beclinl with tissue soakage,lymph metastasis,sex and age had no statistical significance （ P 〉0.05）. The differences of PTEN in esophageal neoplasm with tissue soakage,lymph metastasis had statistical significance （ P 〈0.05） and had no statistical significance with sex and age （ P 〉0.05）. The expression of Beclinl in esophageal neoplasm was positively related to the expression of PTEN（ r, = 0. 754, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The expressions of Beclinl and PTEN are down-regulated in esophageal neoplasms, and they are associated with tumor cell differentiation. The change of autophagic capacity may be related to the emergence and development of esophageal neoplasms.