氧化亚氮/氧吸入镇静在老年高血压患者拔牙术中的应用

目的：探讨氧化亚氮/氧吸入镇静辅助局麻在老年高血压患者拔牙术中的应用价值。方法：选取40例老年高血压患者，年龄70~90岁，随机分为对照组和实验组，每组20例。对照组单纯采用局麻进行手术，实验组采用氧化亚氮/氧吸入镇静配合局麻进行手术。观察2组患者术前、术中和术后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和心率(HR)变化以及术后有无不良反应。应用SPSS 11.0软件包进行t检验。结果：2组患者术前和术后SBP、DBP和HR无显著差异。对照组术中SBP、DBP和HR均显著高于实验组(P<0.05)。实验组在整个操作过程中，SBP、DBP和HR比较平稳(P>0.05)。结论：氧化亚氮/氧吸入镇静辅助局麻拔牙能够维持老年高血压患者的血流动力学平稳，安全、有效。

Application of nitrous oxide / oxygen inhalation sedation in tooth extraction of elderly patients with hypertension

PURPOSE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of nitrous oxide/ oxygen inhalation sedation assisted in elderly hypertensive patients under local anesthesia during tooth extraction. METHODS: Forty elderly patients (age≥ 70 years) with hypertension who needed tooth extraction with electrocardiographic monitoring were selected, and divided into experimental and control groups randomly, with 20 patients in each group. The experimental group was treated with nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation sedation and local anesthesia for surgery, the control group underwent tooth extraction under local anesthesia. Heart rate, blood pressure, as well as differences of operative time in all groups before surgery, during operation and after surgery were observed and compared. SPSS 11.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The intraoperative HR, BP of patients in the control group was significantly higher than those of patients in the experimental group (P<0.05). HR, BP were relatively stable during the whole procedure in the experimental group. Compared with the control group, surgery was significantly longer in the experimental group (P<0.05). The difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation sedation assisted local anesthesia can be a safe and effective anesthetic method in tooth extraction of elderly patients with hypertension.