提高结扎冠状动脉在体大鼠心肌梗死模型制作速度和质量的实验研究

目的 建立提高结扎冠状动脉在体大鼠心肌梗死（简称心梗）模型制作速度和质量的方法。方法 以不影响大鼠心梗面积为前提条件，(1)比较结扎冠状动脉时打1结与打2结所用的结扎时间和开胸时间；(2) 比较使用水合氯醛和戊巴比妥钠，对造模过程中动物的存活率、麻醉起效时间、苏醒所需时间及心梗面积等的影响。结果 与结扎冠状动脉时打两结方法比较，在对大鼠心脏的梗死面积无显著影响（P>0.05)的情况下，打1结所用的开胸时间和结扎心脏时间均显著缩短（P<0.01)；用戊巴比妥钠麻醉制作的大鼠心肌梗死模型麻醉起效时间、心梗面积与水合氯醛组比较， 差异无统计学意义（P>0.05)，但戊巴比妥钠组大鼠苏醒时间明显缩短（P<0.01)，心梗模型的清晰率提高。结论 结扎1次可以提高模型制作速度，戊巴比妥钠作为在体大鼠心肌梗死模型的麻醉剂可以提高制作模型的心梗面积清晰度。

Study on Improving the Speed and Quality of Making Rat Myocardial Infarction Model by Coronary Artery Ligation

Objective To establish the methods for improving the speed and quality of making rat myocardial infarction model by coronary artery ligation.Methods With the precondition of having no effect on rat myocardial infarction size:(1) To compare the thoracotomy time,the ligation time of the way of coronary artery ligation by tying one knot with the way by tying two knots.(2) To compare the survival rate of making model,the onset time of anesthesia,the awakening time,the effect on myocardial infarction size between using hydration chlorine aldehyde and using sodium pentobarbital.Results In case of having no significant effect on the myocardial infarction size(P>0.05),the way of tying one knot could significantly shorten the thoracotomy time and the ligation time(P<0.01).There was no statistical difference in the onset time of anesthesia or the myocardial infarction size between the model made by sodium pentobarbital and that made by hydration chlorine aldehyde(P>0.05).But the awakening time of the model made by sodium pentobarbital was obviously shortened(P<0.01).The clarity rate of myocardial infarction size was improved.Conclusions The way of tying one knot could improve the speed of model making.Sodium pentobarbital as the anesthetic for in vivo rat myocardial infarction model could improve the clarity rate of myocardial infarction area.