妊娠期糖尿病危险因素的研究进展

妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是妊娠期常见的合并症之一,威胁母婴安全,增加妊娠风险.随着GDM发病率的逐年升高,对其危险因素的研究也越来越受到人们的关注.目前认为,妊娠期胰岛素抵抗（IR）是GDM的主要发病机制.除妊娠妇女的年龄、种族、糖尿病家族史等传统因素外,妊娠妇女体质量指数（BMI）、体内铁含量、遗传基因和感染等因素也可能影响GDM的发病.综述近年来与GDM相关的危险因素的研究进展.

Research Progress in Risk Factors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） is one of common complications during pregnancy, maternal and child safety threat, increasing the risk of pregnancy. With the increasing incidence of GDM, people pay more and more attention to the researches on its risk factors. Gestational insulin resistance is now more accepted as GDM＇s main pathogenesis. In addition to the pregnant women of traditional factors such as age, race, family history of diabetes, pregnant women before pregnancy, and the body mass index （BMI）, pregnant women in vivo storage content genetic polymorphism and infectious factors are associated with the occurrence of GDM. The papers in recent years on the risk factors of GDM progress are reviewed in the paper.