肾移植后中枢神经系统并发症的临床诊疗

背景：目前国内外关于肾移植后中枢神经系统并发症的研究较少。目的：探讨肾移植后中枢神经系统并发症的临床诊疗方案。方法：对河南中医学院第一附属医院2008-01/2010-08收治的277例同种异体肾移植后出现中枢神经系统并发症的15例患者进行回顾性分析。结果与结论：15例（5.41%）出现中枢神经系统并发症的患者中：弥漫性脑病7例（2.52%）,脑血管意外4例（1.44%）,癫痫发作3例（1.08%）,中枢神经系统感染1例（0.36%）。提示肾移植后中枢神经系统原因较复杂,包括感染、缺氧、代谢、电解质紊乱、移植后排斥反应及免疫抑制剂（钙调蛋白抑制剂）等。

Clinical treatment of central nervous system complications after kidney transplantation

BACKGROUND： Currently, the reports at home or abroad on central nervous system complications after kidney transplantation are rare. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the clinical treatment of central nervous system complications after kidney transplantation METHODS： A retrospective analysis was performed on 15 cases with central nervous system complications after kidney transplantation among the 277 cases that received in the First Affiliate Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2008 and August 2010. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Among the 15 （5.41%） cases that suffered from central nervous system complications： diffuse encephalopathy in 7 cases （2.52%）, cerebrovascular accident in 4 cases （1.44%）, epilepsy in 3 cases （1.08%）, central nervous system infection in 1 case （0.36%）. The reasons of central nervous system complications after kidney transplantation are more complex, including infection, hypoxia, metabolic, electrolyte imbalance, postoperative rejection and immunosuppressive agents （calcineurin inhibitors）.