新会区5岁以下儿童营养不良流行病学调查与分析

目的调查新会区5岁以下儿童营养不良患病率，分析其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法，对6432名5岁以下儿童进行体格检查、家长问卷调查，对资料进行统计描述，进行儿童营养不良病因的Logistic多因素回归分析。结果新会区2008年5岁以下儿童低体重、发育迟缓和消瘦的患病率分别为3．90％、2．97％、3．08％，城区营养不良患病率低于农村，〈6个月年龄组的营养不良患病率最低，随着年龄组的增大，营养不良患病率逐渐上升，性别方面无差异。多因素Logistic回归分析显示影响患病率的相关因素主要有：农村居住、年龄、反复呼吸道感染、腹泻、母亲文化程度及不良饮食习惯等。结论新会区5岁以下儿童营养不良需引起重视，做好儿童常见病的防治，加强科学喂养知识宣传，改变不良饮食习惯，对降低新会区儿童营养不良患病率有着重要意义。

Survey on the Malnutrition of Children Less than Five Years Old in Xinhui Area

OBJECTIVE To study the malnutrition conditions of children less than five years old in Xinhui Area and investigate its influencing factors. METHOD 6 432 children less than five years old were selected by cluster sampling. The questionnaires were answered, the physical examination were carried, then described the data and analysed the data by Logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were 3.90%, 2.97%, 3.08% , these rates in rural were higher than in urban , infants' under 6 months was lowest, it was rising with age. There were no significant differences between the boys and girls. The risk factors of malnutrition were residential region, age, falling diarrhea and flu frequently, poor maternal education, food preference. CONCLUSION The status of children malnutrition in Xinhui Area requires more concerns, intervention should be dune according to the influencing factors.