湖南省2012—2017年学生肺结核登记情况及流行特征

目的分析湖南省学生肺结核患者登记情况，了解流行特征，为完善全省学校结核防治策略提供依据。方法利用2012-2017年中国结核病信息管理系统中登记的资料，统计分析湖南省学生结核病患者登记率及其流行特征。结果2012-2017年湖南省发现学生肺结核患者7 940例，登记发病率为13.23/10万，涂阳肺结核患者2 203例，登记发病率为3.67/10万。2012-2017年学生活动性肺结核登记发病率比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2=80.079，P<0.001）；2012-2017年学生涂阳肺结核登记发病率比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2=112.213，P<0.001）。二季度学生肺结核登记人数最多（占32.2%），以男性为主（占60.8%），年龄以15～19岁为主（占61.8%）。2012-2017年各市州学生肺结核登记情况比较，差异有统计学意义（χ2=320.432，P<0.001），累计登记总数居前三位的分别是长沙市、湘西州、衡阳市。2012-2017年登记学生肺结核患者来源以转诊为主（占38.8%），99.8%患者接受抗结核治疗，诊断治疗以涂阴患者、非重症、非耐药、初治患者为主，分别占67.9%、95.2%、99.5%、99.3%。结论应加强学校结核病防治工作，加强对高中和大学入学新生的结核病筛查，定期开展学校结核病知识的宣传，提高学校结核病防治的意识。

Registration and epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Hunan Province from 2012 to 2017

ObjectiveTo analyze the registration of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) among students in Hunan Province, understand the epidemiological characteristics, provide evidence for improving tuberculosis control strategy in schools in Hunan Province.MethodsRegistration rate and epidemiological characteristics of students with tuberculosis in Hunan Province were analyzed through data registered in China Tuberculosis Information Management System between 2012 and 2017.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2017, 7 940 students with PTB were found in Hunan Province, the registered incidence was 13.23/1 00 000, 2 203 cases were smear positive for PTB, registered incidence was 3.67/1 00 000. Registered incidence of active PTB students in 2012-2017 was significantly different （χ2=80.079，P<0.001）；registered incidence of smear positive PTB students in 2012-2017 was significantly different （χ2=112.213，P<0.001）. The number of registered PTB students in the second quarter was the largest (32.2%), mainly male (60.8%) and students aged 15-19 years (61.8%). There was a significant difference in the registration of PTB students in different cities from 2012 to 2017 (χ2=320.432, P<0.001). The top three regions of the total number of registrations were Changsha, Xiangxi and Hengyang. From 2012 to 2017, the registered PTB students were mainly referral (38.8%), 99.8% of the patients received anti tuberculosis treatment, diagnosis and treatment were mainly for smear negative, non severe, non drug resistant, and newly treated patients, accounting for 67.9%, 95.2%, 99.5%, and 99.3% respectively.ConclusionIt is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools, screen tuberculosis among freshmen in high schools and universities, publicize tuberculosis knowledge, and improve awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control in schools.