Giant Cell Tumor of Bone |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA;3. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA;1. Attending Physician, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial–Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;2. Resident, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial–Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;3. Resident, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial–Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;4. Associate Professor, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial–Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;6. Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;5. Professor, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial–Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;1. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;1. Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK;2. National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK;3. Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;4. Centre for Integrated Research in Musculoskeletal Ageing, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;5. Institute for Health and Aging, Catholic University of Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;6. Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK;7. NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;1. Dept of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, HBNI, Mumbai, India;2. Dept of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India |
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| Abstract: | This article provides an overview of giant cell tumor, including the typical clinical, radiographic, and pathologic findings, as well as some unusual features, such as multifocality and metastases. The article addresses recent advances in the molecular biology of giant cell tumor, particularly receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK)-ligand signaling, in addition to novel anti–RANK-ligand therapy, the use of which seems promising for unresectable and metastatic tumors. |
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