噪声对飞机制造工人心血管和听力系统的影响

目的：探讨噪声对飞机制造工人心血管和听力系统的影响.方法：抽取703名飞机制造工人（其中铆工工人522名和试飞员181名）为观察组和对照组86人,进行现场卫生学调查、测量血压、描记心电图,同时做听力测试.结果：噪声对飞机制造工人的听力损伤检出率高于对照组（P＜0.01）,而且有随着接噪工龄增加而增加的趋势（P＜0.05）.观察组高血压和心电图异常率明显高于对照组（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）.异常心电图中观察组窦性心律不齐、ST-T改变和束支传导阻滞分别明显高于对照组（均有P＜0.01）.结论：机场噪声不仅对作业工人的听觉系统造成特异性损害,同时对心血管系统也造成损害.

THE INFLUENCE OF NOISE ON AIRCRAFT- MADE WORKERS'''' CARDIOVASCULAR AND AUDITORY SYSTEMS

Objective:To evaluate the impact of noise on cardiovascular and auditory systems of aircraft-made workers.Methods:The sample of 703 aircraft-made workers(522 riveters,181 test pilots)and control group(86 individuals) was chosen and field hygeian survey in aircraft-made site,examination of workers' blood pressure and electrocardiography(ECG) were carried out and hearing test was done at the same time.Results:The results showed that the prevalence of changes of blood pressure,the abnormal rates of ECG and the level of hearing impairment in observed group were significantly higher than those of the control group;and hearing impairment increased gradually and significantly with the working age prolonged.In the observed group,the positive rates of hypertension and abnormal electrocardiogram were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01,P<0.05).Among the abnormal ECG,the positive rates of sinus bradycardia,sinus irregularity and ST-T changes of the observed group were respectively significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:The aircraft-made noise can not only injure workers' auditory system,but also make adverse impact on cardiovascular system at the same time.