521例药物不良反应报告分析

目的:了解药物不良反应(Adverse drug reactions,ADR)的特点和规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:回顾性分析我院2007~2009年收集的521例ADR病例的临床资料,分析ADR患者的性别、年龄分布,用药途径、临床表现,单一、合并用药ADR的发生率以及ADR的治疗结果等。结果:男性ADR发生率(282/521,54.13%)高于女性(239/521,45.87%),儿童及老年患者发生率较其它年龄段高(326/521,62.57%);334例ADR由抗微生物药物引起(334/521,64.11%),443例由静脉滴注引起(443/521,85.03%);ADR常见临床表现为皮疹、瘙痒、寒战、发热等,严重病例较少,联用药物越多,引发ADR几率越高;经治疗521例ADR患者好转、治愈率达98.08%。结论:加强ADR监测,促进临床合理用药,提高临床监护水平,可减少ADR的发生。

Retrospective analysis of 521 adverse drug reaction cases

Objective：To investigate the characteristics of adverse drug reactions cases in order to provide drug safety information.Methods：Clinical data of 521 adverse drug reaction（ADR）cases collected during 2007 and 2009 were retrospectively summarized,aspects like patients＇ age and gender distribution,route of administation,symptoms,combination or single medication,treatment effects were analyzed.Results：The incidence of ADR was higher among males（54.13%）than that among females（45.87%）,higher among children and old people（62.57%）than among other age groups.There was a total of 334 cases（64.11%）were induced by anti-microbial drugs and 443 cases（85.03%）by the routine of intravenous drips.The common symptoms were rash,itching skin,chills and fever.Severe cases were few.The incidence increased with number of combined drugs.All the ADR cases recovered after treatment with an cure rate of 98.08%.Conclusions：Close monitoring and rational use of drugs in clinical work can reduce the incidence of ADR.