2008年深圳市健康人群流行性感冒嗜血杆菌带菌状况调查

目的了解深圳市健康人群流行性感冒嗜血杆菌（Haemophilus influenzae,Hi）带菌状况。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,对深圳市380名〉1月龄健康人采集咽试子,菌株培养与鉴定参照美国《临床微生物手册》。菌株的生物学分型和血清学分型分别参照Kilian和Pittman分类法。应用聚合酶链反应对所有的菌株进行荚膜鉴定和血清学分型鉴定。结果深圳市健康人群Hi携带率为31.84%。其中6～12岁带菌率最高（54.90%）,〉50岁最低（8.51%）,各年龄组带菌率的差异有统计学意义（χ2=30.172,P〈0.005）。分离的菌株以无荚膜的不可分型Hi为主（97.14%）,有荚膜菌株占2.86%;2株为b型,3株为e型。139株Hi分为8个生物型,I～Ⅷ型分别占7.91%、37.41%、34.53%、4.32%、7.91%、0.72%、6.48%、0.72%。Hi产青霉素酶的阳性率为14.38%。结论深圳市健康人群Hi平均携带率为31.84%,儿童组携带率高于其他年龄组,菌株多为无荚膜的不可分型Hi,生物学分型以Ⅱ、Ⅲ型为主。

Investigation on the Carrying Virus of Haemophilus Influenzae in Healthy Population in Shenzhen

Objective To Investigate the rate of carrying virus of Haemophilus influenzae in population of Shenzhen. Methods Cross-sectional study was applied and 380 samples were recruited by cluster sampling in April to July 2008. The identification of H. influenzae strains were done according to the loboratory standard methodology described by Manual of Clinical Microbiology （American）. All strains were biotyped according to Kilian＇s classification with the API？NH system. And serotyped by a slide agglutination assay with type to a specific antiserum as described by Pittman. PCR method for identification of H.influenzae were performed as described by Falla. Results The rate of carrying Haemophilus influenzae in population was 31.84% （121/380）. The rate of 6-year groups was the highest （54.90%）. The rate of 50-year groups was the lowest （8.51%）. The rate of carrying Haemophilus influenzae had significant difference by age groups （χ2= 30.172 P 〈 0.005）. Eight biotypes were found among the 139 H..influenzae isolates. 7.91% （11/139） of all isolates belonged to biotypeⅠ,37.41% （52/139） were biotypeⅡ,34.53% （48/139） were biotypeⅢ,4.32% （6/139） were biotype Ⅳ,7.91% （11/139） were biotypeⅤ,0.72% （1/139） were biotypeⅥ,6.47% （9/139） were biotype Ⅶ and 0.72% （1/139） were biotypeⅧ respectively. 97.14% （170/175） were nontypeable. There were five isolates were typeable. Two were serotype b. Three were serotype e. The rate of producing beta-lactamase was 14.38% （20/139）. Conclusion The rate of carrying Haemophilus influenzae in healthy population of Shenzhen was high. The main isolates were typeⅡ and Ⅲ. And the isolates were nontypeable H.influenzae primarily.