大学生新生体质量指数异常的原因分析

目的考察大学生新生体质量情况，并分析大学生新生体质量指数异常的原因，为健康形体的干预提供循证依据。方法收集2012年9月--10月在某高校体检的4587例大学生的体质量指数（BMI）。结果新生平均BMI为（21．3±8．0）kg／m2；男生的低体质量人数为305例（10．1％），标准体质量为2544例（84．4％），超体质量为152例（5．0％），肥胖为15例（0．5％）；女生低体质量人数211例（13．4％），标准体质量为1221例（77．7％），超体质量为138例（8．8％），肥胖1例（0．1％）。与男生比较，女生的低体质量、超体质量人数比例略高，标准体质量、肥胖人数比例略低（P〈0．05）。结论体质量过高或过低的比例较高，会对生理功能和运动素质产生不同程度的消极影响，建议学生自身应加强体质量监测与调控，学校要采取综合措施积极干预，确保学生体质健康。

A Causality Analysis of the Abnormalities of the BMI of New College Students

Objective To examine the BMI of new college students, and to analyze causes for the abnormalities of their body mass indexes so as to provide evidential basis for interventions for ensuring healthy physique. Method To col- lect BMI samples of 4 587 new college students receiving physical examinations in September and October 2012 at certain higher institution. Results The average BMI of new college students was （21.3± 8.0） kg/m2. Among male students, those with lower BMI numbered 305 （10.1%）, those with standard BMI numbered 2 544 （84.4 %）, those with higher BMI numbered 152 （5.0 % ）, and those who with obesity numbered 15 （0.5 % ）. Among female students, those with lower BMI numbered 211 （ 13.4 %）, those with standard BMI numbered 1,221 （77.7 %）, those with higher BMI numbered 138 （8.8%）, and those who with obesity numbered 1 （0.1%）. Compared with the male students, the female students have a slightly higher number in lower and higher BMIs, and a slightly lower number in standard BMI and obesity （P〈0.05）. Conclusion A higher percentage in lower or higher BMIs will have negative impacts of varying degrees on human physical functioning and athletic ability. Students are advised to heighten their awareness of body mass monitoring and control, and schools should also take comprehensive measures to actively in- tervene and ensure their students＇ physical health.