尿毒症血液透析患者并发症的临床分析

目的 统计尿毒症患者在进行血液透析（HD）治疗时引起的并发症,分析原因并找出有效的解决对策.方法 选取2010年6月～2012年6月在我院住院治疗的尿毒症患者80例作为研究对象,采用的治疗方式都是常规的HD.观察患者在治疗前后的甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白（β2-MG）、血清肌酐（Cr）以及尿毒氮（BUN）等生理指标的变化情况,同时统计尿毒症患者在治疗过程中出现的不良反应即并发症的情况.结果 80例尿毒症患者各项指标治疗前后差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.患者在HD的治疗过程中出现了皮肤瘙痒、睡眠障碍、食欲不振、低血压、高血压、恶心呕吐、急性左心衰以及脑出血等并发症.结论 尿毒症患者在HD治疗的过程中会出现多样复杂的并发症,要仔细观察并及时处理,需要病患、家属以及医护人员积极沟通协调.

Analysis and Countermeasures of complications observe in hemodialysis patients

Objective Statistics the complications of uremic patients caused by hemodialysis treatment, analyze the causes and find effective countermeasures. Methods Choose 80 cases of uremic patients in our hospital from June 2010 to June 2012 as research subjects, and treatment are conventional hemodialysis. Observe parathyroid hormone, 13 2 microglobulin, serum creatinine, and uremic nitrogen of patients before and after treatment. At the same time, statistics complications of uremic patients during treatment. Results 40 cases of uremic patients in the pre-treatment of the parathyroid hormone （977±268） ng / L after treatment （877± 259） ng / L; treatment before 13 2-microglobulin as （73 ± 77） mg / L, after treatment （71 ± 76 n） mg / L; pretreatment serum creatinine （808±286） umol / L after treatment （310±speeds up to 64 n） umol / L; urea nitrogen before treatment （29±7） mmol / L, after treatment （12±3 n） mmol / L. The patients in the hemodialysis treatment process itchy skin, sleep disturbance, loss of appetite, low blood pressure, high blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, acute left ventricular failure and cerebral hemorrhage and other complications. Conclusion The patients emerged diverse and complex complications in hemodialysis treatment process.It needs the professionals to actively communicate from patients, families, and health care.