重症监护病房的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解综合ICU病原菌分布及耐药情况。方法 回顾分析我院综合ICU2002—2005病原菌分布及其耐药情况。结果 病原菌总数673株，革兰阴性菌387株，革兰阳性菌189株，革兰阳性菌中以葡萄球菌和肠球菌为主。真菌93株，90％以上为白色念珠菌。各类细菌对常用抗菌药物表现为严重耐药和多重耐药。结论 综合ICU中病原菌分布以革兰阴性杆菌为主，铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌属、金黄色葡萄球菌多见且耐药严重，真菌感染逐年增多，与抗菌药物使用不当有关，加强耐药性监测，合理使用抗菌药物及综合性治疗十分重要。

An Analysis of Pathogenic Bacterial Distribution and Drug Resistance in ICU

Objective To study the distribution of the pathogens and antibiotic features in intensive care units(ICU).Methods Clinical pathogens in ICU and their antibiotic resistance were studied retrospectively during 2002.1 to 2005.12.Results A total of 673 pathogenic strains were isolated,the Gram-negative bacteria were 387 pathogenic strains,57.5%.Klebsiella and Enterococcus declined from 15.5% and 17.5% to 8.7%,Acinetobacter from 5.8% went up 11.0%.The Gram-positive bacteria were 189 pathogenic strains,28.1%.Staphylococcus and Enterococcus were the main strains among Gram-positive bacteria;Staphylococcus aurous went up from 4.3% to 15.0%.The Fungus were 93 pathogenic strains,13.8%,C.albicans was the most common species(over 90%).The isolated pathogens showed serious multi-drug resistance.Conclusion The main the distribution of the pathogens in ICU is the Gram-negative bacterium.Prevailing pathogens were Staphylococcus,Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter,and represented severe resistance,Fungus infection were add year after year,are related to the improper use of antibiotics.It is very important to select antibiotics correctly and general treatment according to the results of susceptibility tests.