非典型猴痘: 一场新的疫情?

  目的  了解男男性行为者（men who have sex with men，MSM）猴痘预防知识知晓情况及影响因素。  方法  与全国20个省份的MSM艾防社区组织合作，于2022年7月1 — 3日通过网络向日常进行服务的3889名MSM发送电子问卷，招募研究对象，对参与调查的MSM人口学特征、旅居史、性行为特征及猴痘防控相关知识等进行统计分析。  结果  有效调查MSM 3563人，平均年龄为（31.0 ± 9.0）岁，同性恋占72.7 %（2592/3563），调查前1个月内发生过男男性行为的占53.4 %（1903/3563），自报感染HIV的占25.7 %（916/3563），有猴痘疫情地区旅居史的占2.7 %（95/3563）。猴痘预防知识知晓率为47.2 %（1681/3563）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，年龄为35～44岁（OR = 1.54， 95 % CI = 1.18～1.99）和45～54岁（OR = 1.90，95 % CI = 1.32～2.74）的猴痘预防知识知晓率高于16～24岁，婚姻状况为未婚（OR = 1.49，95 % CI = 1.15～1.92）、离异/丧偶（OR = 1.56，95 % CI = 1.12～2.18）高于在婚，文化程度为硕士及以上（OR = 1.92，95 % CI = 1.02～3.60）高于文盲及小学，担心猴痘疫情传入中国（OR = 2.68，95 % CI = 2.29～3.15）高于不担心疫情，有国外旅居史（OR = 1.73，95 % CI = 1.13～2.66）高于无国外旅居史，自报HIV阳性（OR = 1.69，95 % CI = 1.19～2.40）和HIV阴性（OR = 1.79，95 % CI = 1.28～2.50）猴痘知晓率高于未检测HIV者（均P < 0.05）。  结论  我国MSM人群对猴痘疫情表现出较高的关注度，但猴痘防控相关知识知晓率不高，应特别加强对低年龄段、在婚、低文化程度和未进行HIV检测MSM人群的猴痘预防知识宣传教育，提升MSM人群的防护意识。

Proteomic assessment of humoral immune responses in smallpox vaccine recipients

  Objective  To investigate monkeypox-related knowledge and influencing factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China.   Methods  Totally 3 889 MSM aged ≥ 16 years and having anal sex in past year were recruited in 20 provincial-level administrative divisions with the assistance of community-based AIDS prevention organizations. An expert-designed electronic questionnaire on demographics, residence history, sexual behavior, and monkeypox-related knowledge was administered online among the MSM during July 1 – 3, 2022.   Results  Of the 3 563 eligible respondents averagely aged 31.0 ± 9.0 years, 72.7% (2 592) reported homosexual orientation; 53.4% (1 903) reported having sex with men in the past month; 25.7% (916) were positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); 2.7% (95) reported the history of travelling to foreign countries; and 47.2% (1 681) reported the awareness about monkeypox prevention. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the respondents with following characteristics were more likely to have a higher knowledge about monkeypox prevention: at elder ages (35 – 44 years vs. 16 – 24 years: odds ratio [OR] = 1.54, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.18 – 1.99, 45 – 54 years vs. 16 – 24 years: OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.32 – 2.74), unmarried (versus married: OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.15 – 1.92 ) divorced/widowed (versus married: OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.12 – 2.18), with the education of master and above (versus primary school and lower: OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.02 – 3.60), being worry about imported monkeypox epidemic in China (yes vs. no: OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 2.29 – 3.15), the history of travelling to foreign countries (yes vs. no: OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.13 – 2.66 ), tested positive for HIV (versus never tested: OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.19 – 2.40), and tested negative for HIV (versus never tested: OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.28 – 2.50).   Conclusion  The MSM in China had paid a high attention to monkeypox epidemic, but were with a low knowledge about monkeypox epidemic prevention. The results suggest that the health education on monkeypox prevention should be strengthened among the MSM, especially among those at younger age, being married, with lower education, and never having HIV test.